Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022: SOR/2022-255

Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 156, Number 26

Registration
SOR/2022-255 December 2, 2022

DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACT

P.C. 2022-1264 December 2, 2022

Her Excellency the Governor General in Council, on the recommendation of the Minister of Employment and Social Development, makes the annexed Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 under section 69footnote a of the Department of Employment and Social Development Act footnote b.

Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022

Constitutional Questions

Filing of notice

1 (1) A party who wants to challenge the constitutional validity, applicability or operability of a provision of the Canada Pension Plan, the Old Age Security Act, the Employment Insurance Act, Part 5 of the Department of Employment and Social Development Act or the rules or regulations made under any of those Acts must file a notice with the Tribunal that sets out

Service of notice

(2) At least 10 days before the date set for the hearing of the appeal or application, the party must serve notice of the challenge on the persons referred to in subsection 57(1) of the Federal Courts Act and file a copy of the notice and proof of service with the Tribunal.

Failure to file proof of service

(3) If proof of service has not been filed in accordance with subsection (2), the Tribunal may, on its own initiative or on the request of a party, postpone or adjourn the hearing.

Format of Hearing

Format of hearing

2 (1) A Tribunal hearing must be held in one of the following formats, as requested by the appellant:

Exception — other parties

(2) Despite subsection (1), the Tribunal may allow any other party to participate in a hearing by means other than the format requested by the appellant if the Tribunal determines that it is warranted based on the needs and circumstances of that party.

Exception — circumstances

(3) Despite subsection (1), the Tribunal may hold a hearing, in whole or in part, in a format other than that requested by the appellant if the Tribunal determines that the requested format

Confidentiality of Proceeding

Private hearing and restricted access

3 The Tribunal may, on request or on its own initiative, hold a hearing, in whole or in part, in private and restrict public access to all or part of the appeal record if it determines that reasonable alternative measures cannot adequately mitigate any of the following serious risks that could result from a public hearing and public access:

Consequential Amendment, Repeal and Coming into Force

Consequential Amendment to the Old Age Security Regulations

4 Section 46 of the Old Age Security Regulations footnote 1 is replaced by the following:

46 If the appellant sets out a ground of appeal that has not been referred to the Court under subsection 28(2) of the Act and a ground of appeal that has been referred to the Court under that subsection, the Social Security Tribunal, on receipt of a certified copy of the decision of the Court, must proceed in accordance with the Social Security Tribunal Rules of Procedure.

Repeal

5 The Social Security Tribunal Regulations footnote 2 are repealed.

Coming into Force

S.C. 2021, c. 23

6 These Regulations come into force on the day on which Division 20 of Part 4 of the Budget Implementation Act, 2021, No. 1 comes into force, but if they are registered after that day, they come into force on the day on which they are registered.

REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT

(This statement is not part of the Regulations.)

Executive summary

Issues: The Social Security Tribunal (SST) began operations in 2013 to replace four separate administrative tribunals. The objective of creating a single-window Tribunal was to streamline and simplify the appeal process for the Old Age Security (OAS), Canada Pension Planfootnote 3 (CPP), and Employment Insurance (EI) programs, while generating efficiencies and cost savings. OAS and CPP are collectively referred to as Income Security (IS) programs.

Since the creation of the SST, a series of reports prepared for Parliamentarians raised concerns regarding the appeals system, including the impact on clients. In response, a third-party review of the SST was conducted in 2017, which made recommendations to reorient the appeal process to focus on clients by making it simpler and more client-oriented and improving operations to reduce delays.

As part of the third-party review, Canadians and stakeholders expressed concerns over the lack of transparency in the former appeal process and noted that the system was difficult to understand, and decisions were too legalistic. Changes to the SST are expected to improve the appeal process.

Legislative amendments to the Department of Employment and Social Development Act (DESDA) were sought through the Budget Implementation Act, 2021, No. 1, which received royal assent on June 29, 2021. Important changes to the DESDA included:

  • Returning to a “de novo” hearing model for second levelfootnote 4 IS appeals,footnote 5 which provides appellants with a final opportunity to present new evidence in a fresh hearing with a new and final SST decision on benefit eligibility;
  • Providing the Chairperson of the SST with the authority, with approval of the Minister of Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC or the Department), to make Rules of Procedure governing the processes and procedures before the SST, to enable further streamlining of the system on an ongoing basis; and
  • Providing other changes that generate greater operational efficiency and provide support to vulnerable clients, such as ensuring parties can be represented by the representative of their choice, e.g. a non-legal representative.

Specific to the new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022, the legislative amendments also included a provision to enable the Governor in Council to prescribe in regulations the circumstances in which a hearing may be held in private.

The Rules of Procedure are better suited to address issues related to the operations and procedures of the SST. As a result, much of what was contained in the Social Security Tribunal Regulations is no longer required.

Description: The Social Security Tribunal Regulations are repealed and replaced with new regulations, the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022, which will ensure oversight and protect EI and IS appellant rights in the following three key areas: constitutional questions, choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings. Separate rules governing the operations and procedures of the Social Security Tribunal have been developed by the SST and are being brought into force at the same time as the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022.

On May 28, 2022, the new regulations were prepublished in the Canada Gazette, Part I, for a 30-day comment period. Simultaneously, the Social Security Tribunal’s Rules of Procedure were published on the Social Security Tribunal website for consultation.

Issues

The Social Security Tribunal (SST) was created in June 2012 to replace the functions formerly carried out by four separate tribunals: the Board of Referees (first level) and the Office of the Umpire (second level) for Employment Insurance (EI), the Office of the Commissioner of Review Tribunals (first level) for Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and Old Age Security (OAS) programs, and the Pension Appeals Board (second level) for CPP. The objective was to provide an impartial two-tier quasi-judicial process for appeals of reconsideration decisions made by the Department of Employment and Social Development (ESDC) pursuant to the EI, CPP, and OAS legislation. However, while some savings were generated, many of the changes proved to be overly legalistic, complicated, and inefficient. Among other issues, stakeholders expressed concern that open court hearings might deter appellants from exercising their right to appeal in order to protect their privacy and stressed the importance of ensuring that appellants have the opportunity to choose their form of hearing and be informed of the options.

To address stakeholder concerns, several legislative amendments to the Department of Employment and Social Development Act (DESDA) were approved through the Budget Implementation Act, 2021, No. 1 (BIA, 2021, No. 1), which received royal assent on June 29, 2021. As part of these amendments, the SST Chairperson was provided the authority to make Rules of Procedure, which enables the SST to make and update the procedural rules for appeals in a more agile and responsive manner. Given this new authority and the new SST Rules of Procedure, much of what is contained in the Social Security Tribunal Regulations (SST Regulations) is no longer required. The SST Regulations are being repealed and replaced with the new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022, which will protect the following client rights: constitutional questions, choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings.

Background

The SST was created in June 2012 and became operational on April 1, 2013, pursuant to Part 5 of the Department of Employment and Social Development Act (DESDA). The SST operates at arm’s length from the Department of Employment and Social Development (ESDC).

The SST hears appeals related to EI, CPP,footnote 6 and OAS benefits. Income Security (IS) is the collective term for CPP and OAS benefits.

Following the Report of the Standing Committee on Human Resources, Skills Development, Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities (HUMA) in June 2016, the Government of Canada committed to undertake a review of the SST.

A third-party firm was hired in 2017 to conduct the review and submit a report providing options for how to improve the appeal processes administered by the SST to ensure they meet the needs and expectations of Canadians. The Review was published in January 2018 and included extensive public consultations.

The Review examined SST costs, efficiency, client satisfaction, fairness and transparency. It also examined the legislative and regulatory framework, policies, organizational model, and operational processes. The findings outlined the challenges and frustrations experienced by individuals as they attempted to understand and navigate the appeal processes, often during times of financial vulnerability or while facing serious health issues. Canadians and stakeholders expressed concerns over the lack of transparency in the appeal process. They indicated that the system was hard to understand and the process and decisions too legalistic. Stakeholders also noted the lack of accountability in the system, and the absence of real engagement with them in designing and ensuring a renewed appeal process that meets the needs of clients.

As part of broad-scale SST reforms recommended by the Review, several client-centric operational changes, which did not require legislative or regulatory amendments, were implemented beginning in 2019. These include reducing time frames to render decisions, increasing the number of published decisions, and introducing Case Navigators who assist appellants through their appeal from start to finish. Further improvements to the appeal process required legislative and regulatory amendments.

While the non-regulatory initiatives successfully improved a number of elements of the SST process, further improvements were made through legislative amendments to the DESDA through BIA, 2021, No. 1. These included changes such as

The legislative amendments also included a provision to enable the Governor in Council to prescribe in regulations the circumstances in which a hearing may be held in private.

Prior to the legislative amendments and new regulations, the appeal process for income security worked as follows:

Appeal Division:

The reconsideration process and the General Division process are unchanged; however, the legislative amendments made by BIA, 2021, No. 1 will make the following changes to the appeal process:

The legislative amendments for these changes are not yet in force. To fully implement the legislative changes, regulatory amendments were required. As a result, the legislative amendments are being brought into force through an order in council at the same time as the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 and the Social Security Tribunal’s Rules of Procedure.

Objective

The objective is to repeal the SST Regulations and replace them with the new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022. The new regulations maintain key protections for the SST appellants regarding constitutional questions and assert protections regarding choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings. Repealing the SST Regulations is required to enable the Rules of Procedure, which address issues related to the operations and procedures of the SST. The Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022, together with the new Rules of Procedure, provide an appeal process that is more client-centric, faster, and simpler.

Description

In order to achieve these objectives, the Department repealed the former SST Regulations and replaced them with the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 to ensure oversight in the following three key areas: constitutional questions, choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings. Section 69 of the DESDA is the enabling authority to create these regulations.

The SST’s Rules of Procedure have also been drafted further to the SST Chairperson’s new authority, following royal assent of BIA, 2021, No. 1, and take into consideration the repealed regulations. The Rules of Procedure have been reviewed by the Department of Justice and approved by the Minister of ESDC to ensure consistency and are available on the SST’s website.

Constitutional questions: The new provisions for constitutional questions replace section 20 of the SST Regulations. Much of section 20 is re-enacted in the new regulations; however, there are two clarified requirements for filing a notice: the party who wants to make a constitutional challenge must set out the material facts relied on to support the constitutional challenge and they must include a summary of the legal argument to be made in support of the constitutional challenge.

Choice of format of hearing: The new provisions for choice of format of hearing replace section 21 of the SST Regulations. The new provision specifies the formats in which the Tribunal must hold hearings, i.e. in writing, by telecommunication, or in person. It also includes a provision that allows other parties to participate by means other than the form requested by the appellant based on the needs and circumstances of that party. In addition, the new regulations include a provision that ensures the SST must grant the choice of format of hearing requested by the appellant, except in specific circumstances. The exceptional circumstances include when the appellant’s choice does not allow for a full and fair hearing, the appellant’s choice raises security or health concerns, or the Tribunal is unable to offer the appellant their format of choice because of unforeseen circumstances, such as a natural disaster. This enables the Tribunal to protect the parties’ right to a fair hearing and ensure that the Tribunal is able to conduct the fact-finding necessary for the proceedings.

Confidentiality of proceedings: These are new provisions. One of the legislative amendments made under BIA, 2021, No. 1 includes a provision providing the Governor in Council with regulation-making authority to prescribe the circumstances in which all or part of a Tribunal hearing may be held in private. This enables the Tribunal to hold a hearing, in whole or in part, in private, and restrict public access to all or part of the appeal record if certain risks (relating to the disclosure of personal information, security of the person, the fairness of proceedings, and public security) cannot be mitigated through alternative measures.

Regulatory development

Consultation

Consultation prior to prepublication in the Canada Gazette, Part I

The 2017 third-party Review of the SST included extensive public consultations, including six in-person and two virtual focus groups with community, legal, and labour organization representatives, appellants, and observers from the Department. Online surveys were completed by appellants and representatives; appointees of the Board of Referees, former and current SST members, members of the Office of Commissioner of the Review Tribunals, and Pension Appeals Board members; and employees of the Board of Referees and Administrative Tribunals Support Services Canada (ATSSC). The findings of the Review underscored the challenges and frustrations that users were experiencing when trying to understand and navigate the IS appeal processes during a time of financial vulnerability or while experiencing serious health issues. The Review heard that, for users, the processes were too complex, impersonal, legalistic and intimidating, which discouraged appellants from appealing or moving beyond the reconsideration stage of the process. The public consultations repeatedly revealed dissatisfaction and frustration with service standards, timelines, the accountability of the SST, and the accessibility of various processes, including decision-making.

In response to the Review, officials from the Department created a working group in which external stakeholders from community, legal, and disability advocacy organizations, as well as internal stakeholders from the Department and the SST/ATSSC, were actively engaged in exploring potential policy changes through in-person engagement sessions. The SST-Income Security Engagement Working Group included nine external stakeholders with direct experience with IS programs and/or the SST-IS appeal process, including advocates for people with disabilities and seniors, appeals representatives, and lawyers.

Stakeholders from the working group made a number of observations regarding the first and second levels of appeal. They characterized the SST-General Division as overly technical and difficult to navigate, with requirements for unnecessary information and legal expertise inaccessible to the average appellant. From this perspective, stakeholder feedback aligned with the recommendations of the Review, highlighting the importance of making the General Division easier to navigate, less legalistic, and more efficient for Canadians. Engagement specifically highlighted the need to establish and/or maintain certain protections in the proposed regulations, i.e. client rights and public interest.

Stakeholders also indicated that significant changes to the Appeal Division were needed. Suggestions included simplifying the grounds of appeal to improve appellants’ access to the Appeal Division and moving to a “de novo” model where Tribunal members would hear appeals with new evidence allowed and make a final decision on an appellant’s eligibility for benefits.

Prepublication in the Canada Gazette, Part I

The new regulations were prepublished on May 28, 2022, in the Canada Gazette, Part I, followed by a 30-day comment period for stakeholders to submit comments or concerns. Simultaneously, as part of ongoing collaboration with the SST, the Rules of Procedure were posted directly on the Social Security Tribunal’s website for a 30-day comment period.

No comments or concerns were received from stakeholders for the new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 during the 30-day comment period. As such, no changes have been made to the proposed regulations following prepublication. The SST received comments on the proposed Rules of Procedure and adjusted some provisions accordingly. A summary of the comments received and how they were addressed will be published in the Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement for the new Rules of Procedure.

Modern treaty obligations and Indigenous engagement and consultation

In accordance with the Cabinet Directive on the Federal Approach to Modern Treaty Implementation, an assessment of modern treaty implications was conducted for the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022. After examination, no negative implications or impacts on the Department’s modern treaty obligations were identified. The Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 are not expected to have an impact on the Department’s modern treaty obligations in the areas of training, service delivery, procurement and contracting.

Instrument choice

Status quo

In addition to public information about the appeal process published by the SST, the SST Regulations provided rules and procedures that governed appeals before the SST. The SST Regulations, as the Review determined, added complexity and delays that created challenges for clients and were not reflective of the Government of Canada’s intended approach as set out by the amendments to DESDA.

Regulatory option

The legislative changes provide authority to the Chairperson of the SST to make Rules of Procedure governing the processes and procedures before the SST. The Rules of Procedure require ministerial approval prior to consultation and final publication. The SST Regulations need to be repealed to allow the SST to bring the Rules of Procedure into force. The Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 are needed to fully implement the legislative changes.

The SST’s Rules of Procedure govern the appeal process, practices, procedures, and operations of the Tribunal to provide clarity and transparency, to mitigate delays, and to encourage efficiency. For example, the Rules of Procedure set out the appeal processes for EI and IS, parties’ roles and responsibilities, documentation requirements, deadlines, and so forth. Given that the SST has direct oversight of the day-to-day operations of the appeal process, it was determined that the SST is best placed to monitor the implementation of procedures and make adjustments as needed. Rules of Procedure allow these changes to be implemented in a more efficient and responsive manner. As such, the SST Regulations are repealed to avoid duplication with the Rules of Procedure. The Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 apply to both EI and IS appeals and include provisions regarding the following key claimant rights: constitutional questions, choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings.

The Department worked closely with the SST to ensure the new regulations and the SST’s new Rules of Procedure are aligned to allow for clarity and consistency, and to avoid duplication.

Regulatory analysis

Benefits and costs

Summary

The quantified impacts of the regulations will result in a net cost to ESDC and the SST of $5.1 million over 10 years (total present value for 2022–2023 fiscal year and the 2031–2032 fiscal year, presented in 2021 dollars, discounted to 2022 using a 7% discount rate). However, the regulations result in non-quantified benefits to Canadians that are expected to outweigh the cost to government. Canadians appealing an SST decision will benefit from a clearer, more client-centric process, and have some of their key rights protected in the regulations, specifically constitutional questions, choice of format of hearing, and confidentiality of proceedings.

Analytical framework

The cost-benefit analysis (CBA) measures the incremental impacts on the affected Canadian stakeholders (governments, consumers, businesses and other organizations) from the regulations, in accordance with the Policy on Cost-Benefit Analysis. Incremental impacts reflect the difference between two scenarios: what would happen in the absence of these regulations (baseline scenario); and what is expected to happen when these regulations are implemented (regulatory scenario). These scenarios are described in the next two sections.

Baseline scenario

The baseline scenario refers to the SST Regulations without the legislative amendments or Rules of Procedure. Under this scenario, the SST Regulations included provisions relating to summary dismissal, which allowed the General Division to dismiss an appeal on the record and without having held a hearing, if the Tribunal was satisfied that the case had no reasonable chance of success. It also included provisions relating to rescinding or amending decisions, which allowed the Tribunal to change its decision upon the presentation of new material facts that could not have been discovered at the time of the hearing with the exercise of reasonable diligence. These provisions were not retained in the new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022, as their authority will be repealed through legislative amendments to the DESDA made under BIA, 2021, No. 1, once those amendments are brought into force.

Regulatory scenario

Under the regulatory scenario, only those regulations required to protect certain key rights of appellants are included.

Repeal of the SST Regulations

The regulations are aligned with the SST’s Rules of Procedure, which include the content of many of the regulations that are repealed. Aside from costs associated with repealing regulations covering summary dismissal described below, there are no other incremental costs associated with repealing the SST Regulations. ESDC has worked closely with the SST to ensure the new regulations and Rules of Procedure are aligned and to avoid duplication.

Cost and benefits by key elements of the proposal
Repeal of summary dismissal

The provisions related to summary dismissal will be repealed in the DESDA when the amendments are brought into force; therefore, the summary dismissal provisions in the SST Regulations have not been re-enacted in the new regulations or the SST’s Rules of Procedure. The repeal of these provisions in the regulations is necessary to fully implement the legislative amendments.

Benefits

The summary dismissal provisions were intended to allow the General Division to dismiss an appeal on the record, without holding a hearing, if the Tribunal was satisfied that the case had no reasonable chance of success. As such, claimants were not guaranteed the opportunity to have a hearing on their appeal at the General Division. The repeal of these provisions is therefore expected to benefit Canadians by ensuring that each individual has the opportunity to present their case to the SST.

Costs

As the SST no longer has the ability to summarily dismiss appeals, the SST is expecting an increase in the number of hearings, which is anticipated to cost $244,418 in 2022–2023 and ongoing.

Repeal of rescinding or amending decisions

The legislative authority for rescinding or amending decisions is being repealed through amendments to the DESDA and, as such, related provisions in the SST Regulations were not re-enacted in the new regulations or the SST’s new Rules of Procedure. The repeal of these provisions in the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 is necessary to fully implement the legislation.

Benefits

The rescind and amend provisions were intended to enable the Tribunal to change its decision upon the presentation of new material facts that could not have been discovered at the time of the hearing with the exercise of reasonable diligence. However, the restrictive criteria made the provisions confusing to appellants, usually leading to delays and a low success rate. Repealing the rescinding or amending decisions provisions improves the efficiency of the appeal process by eliminating confusing and misused provisions that may have complicated the process for appellants and added an operational burden on the SST.

Costs

There are no incremental costs associated with repealing the rescind or amend provisions, as there is no impact on the number of hearings or operational costs.

Constitutional questions

Section 20 of the SST Regulations prescribed the legal requirements for filing a constitutional challenge. There is no significant difference between the baseline scenario and the regulatory scenario, as this was already an operational requirement. The change enshrines in regulations the existing requirement for claimants to indicate the basis on which the constitutional validity is being challenged. There is no incremental cost associated with this change, as there is no expected impact on workload. An expected benefit is improved efficiency, as ESDC will have a clearer understanding of the nature of the challenge before the claimant’s Charter record is delivered. Furthermore, the re-enactment of the provisions for constitutional questions ensures explicit protection of this key claimant right.

Choice of format of hearing

Section 21 of the SST Regulations prescribed the ways in which the Tribunal may hold hearings: written questions and answers; teleconference, videoconference or other means of telecommunication; or the personal appearance of the parties. The new provision prescribes the same forms of hearings available; in addition, it also sets out that the Tribunal must grant the appellant’s choice of form of hearing except in specific circumstances, which are outlined in the Social Security Regulations, 2022. This ensures that the Tribunal has the power to protect the rights of the parties to a full and fair hearing and to prevent possible claims that the hearing format requested by one party caused prejudice to another leading to a breach of natural justice. Since 2019, it has been the SST’s policy to provide choice of format of hearing to claimants. As such, a large increase in the number of more costly hearings is not anticipated. However, as choice of format of hearing is now protected in the new regulations, a slight increase in more costly hearings is anticipated for IS cases only and is accounted for in the costs presented below.

Returning to a “de novo” approach eliminates the requirement for appellants to meet a high legal bar to access the second level of appeal. Combined with all the other client-centric improvements, the baseline of IS appeals per year at the General Division is anticipated to be 4 000, while the baseline of appeals at the Appeal Division is estimated to be 880.

Of all the different forms of hearings available, in-person hearings are the most expensive operationally due to travel costs. The rate of in-person hearings is anticipated to increase from 10% to 20% overall. This means that in-person hearings will account for 10% of all hearings at the General Division and 10% of all hearings at the Appeal Division.

Regardless of an increase in in-person hearings, this represents a minimal cost increase to ESDC, as departmental representatives and legal services counsel are expected to attend most hearings virtually. However, the SST will incur increased costs. On average, in-person hearings can cost anywhere between $100 to $2,000 depending on where the hearing is held and how far the member is required to travel.

General Division costs

In the baseline scenario, the current yearly costs for in-person hearings at the General Division is approximately $400,000. This is given 200 hearings at $2,000 each, the maximum estimated cost for an in-person hearing.

In the regulatory scenario, the number of in-person hearings is expected to increase from 200 hearings to 400 hearings. This would result in increased costs to the SST of $400,000 (200 additional hearings at $2,000 each).

Appeal Division costs

In the baseline scenario, the current yearly costs for in-person hearings at the Appeal Division is approximately $88,000. This is given 44 hearings at $2,000 each, the maximum estimated cost for an in-person hearing.

In the regulatory scenario, the number of in-person hearings is expected to increase from 44 hearings to 88 hearings. This would result in increased costs to the SST of $88,000 (44 additional hearings at $2,000 each).

Total incremental costs

The total incremental cost for both the General Division and the Appeal Division is therefore $488,000.

Confidentiality of proceedings

The new provision for the confidentiality of proceedings prescribes the circumstances in which the Tribunal may hold all or part of a hearing in private or may restrict public access to all or part of the appeal record. The SST follows the open court principle, which ensures public access to courts and tribunals, while protecting the privacy of claimants. Section 62 of the DESDA already provides authority for the Tribunal to hold all or part of a hearing in private. The new provision only sets out the criteria the Tribunal must consider when considering whether to hold all or part of a hearing in private or restrict public access to all or part of the appeal record. As such, this does not represent any incremental cost. It is anticipated to benefit claimants by making the process and criteria clearer and more transparent.

Cost-benefit statement
Monetized costs
Impacted stakeholder Description of cost Base year Other
relevant years		 Final year Total
(present value)		 Annualized value
Government SST Administration $244,418 $174,267 $124,250 $1,716,690 $34,799
In-person hearings $488,000 $347,937 $248,074 $3,427,508 $68,480
  Total costs $732,418 $522,204 $372,324 $5,144,198 $103,279

Small business lens

Analysis under the small business lens concluded that the new regulations will not impact Canadian small businesses.

One-for-one rule

The one-for-one rule does not apply, as there is no incremental change in administrative burden on business. The former regulations have been repealed and replaced with a new regulatory title, which results in no net increase or decrease in regulatory titles.

Regulatory cooperation and alignment

International agreements are not impacted by the new regulations.

Alignment between the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 and the SST’s Rules of Procedure is needed in order to ensure that some provisions that are repealed are re-enacted in the Rules of Procedure, as well as to ensure that there is no duplication. ESDC has worked closely with the ATSSC and the SST to ensure the new regulations and the SST’s Rules of Procedure are aligned and to coordinate the coming-into-force timelines and any consequential amendments.

Strategic environmental assessment

In accordance with the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, a preliminary scan concluded that a strategic environmental assessment is not required.

Gender-based analysis plus

The gender-based analysis plus (GBA+) has identified that the Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 are expected to better serve the roughly 9 600 Canadians per year who challenge a claim decision for EI or IS benefits at the SST. The new regulations will, in particular, have direct positive impacts on the primary demographic groups for SST-IS cases, which is an older population that is approximately gender-balanced, and individuals with disabilities.footnote 8

Indirect impacts have also been identified for individuals living in rural or remote locations. The provision that protects appellants’ choice of format of hearing enables these individuals to choose the form of hearing that best meets their needs and circumstances. Under the SST Regulations, the SST may have preferred to hold hearings for rural or remote individuals via teleconference or videoconference, for reasons of practicality and cost, while the individual may have preferred an in-person hearing. The new regulations will protect that individual’s choice of format of hearing.

The Department collects specific demographic data on clients to determine benefit eligibility, such as date of birth, marital status, residence history, education level, income, medical diagnosis, and occupation. Neither the Department nor the SST collects data on the race and ethnicity of applicants and appellants. While the SST’s client surveys do not currently incorporate disaggregated data, it is within the Tribunal’s goals to collect this in the future.

Implementation, compliance and enforcement, and service standards

Implementation

The new Social Security Tribunal Regulations, 2022 come into force on the date on which the enabling legislative changes made through BIA 2021, No. 1 come into force, or if they are registered later, on the date of registration. The SST’s Rules of Procedure also come into force on the same day.

Contact

Tara Belanger-Zahab
Director
Policy and Partnerships
Canada Pension Plan Disability Directorate
Income Security and Social Development Branch
Employment and Social Development Canada
Email: NC-CPPD-PD-RPCI-CP-GD@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca