Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 156, Number 14: Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 17)
April 2, 2022
Statutory authority
Energy Efficiency Act
Sponsoring department
Department of Natural Resources
REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT
(This statement is not part of the Regulations.)
Executive summary
Issues: Canada’s building sector (including homes and commercial and institutional buildings) is a significant contributor to Canada’s total energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, especially for space and water heating. Regulating the energy use of products is one of many tools available to the Government to reduce energy consumption and support the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. Nevertheless, unnecessary regulatory differences across jurisdictions can hinder cross-border trade and investment and ultimately impose a cost on citizens, businesses, and economies. In this context, regulatory actions are necessary at this time to keep pace with changes that have been done in the United States, and to put in place tools that will facilitate maintaining alignment in the future.
Description: This proposed amendment (the Amendment) would update energy efficiency and testing standards for central air conditioners and central heat pumps primarily used in the residential sector to prevent upcoming unnecessary regulatory differences between Canada and the United States. In addition, the Amendment would make other minor changes to currently regulated products to address known issues with Canadian requirements to ensure that the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (the Regulations) align with the U.S. requirements more clearly where already intended. Finally, the Amendment would specify energy-using products in order for the Minister of Natural Resources (the Minister) to be able to exercise the ministerial regulations authority, at his discretion, to maintain harmonization between requirements set out in another jurisdiction.
Rationale: The Amendment would benefit Canadians by reducing energy consumption and resulting greenhouse gas emissions of products used in homes. Homeowners will benefit from reduced energy costs associated with the use of more efficient technologies. The Amendment would also avoid misalignment with the United States Department of Energy and facilitate future efforts to maintain alignment for products where a requirement (energy efficiency standards, testing standards, or information) is aligned with that of another jurisdiction.
Throughout the development of the Amendment, stakeholders were provided several opportunities to comment on the changes being considered. Overall, stakeholders are supportive of the Amendment and recognize its potential benefit for consumers, utility programs, and climate change.
The present value of the net benefits of the Amendment is estimated to be about $1.68 billion by 2050, with total benefits exceeding total costs by a ratio of more than 5:1. By 2050, the present value of benefits and costs from the Amendment is estimated to be about $2.06 billion and $374.27 million, respectively. On an annualized average basis, this equates to benefits and costs of about $110 million and $20 million, respectively. The Amendment is estimated to result in a total annual reduction of energy consumption in Canada of about 2.1 petajoules in 2050, resulting in total greenhouse gas emission reductions of approximately 3.9 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2050.
The quantified benefits have been calculated as the sum of the energy savings, the benefits of reductions in greenhouse gas emissions over the service life of products shipped by 2050, and the cost savings associated with preventing unnecessary regulatory differences. The quantified costs include incremental technology costs to meet the more stringent standards, and administrative and compliance costs for businesses.
If Canada does not amend the Regulations, its requirements would become misaligned with key testing standards from the United States Department of Energy, which could impact cross-border trade, would require companies to test differently for Canada, and ultimately increase costs for citizens, businesses and economies. In addition, in the absence of a regulatory approach, a market for low-efficiency products would continue.
Issues
Canada’s building sector (including homes and commercial and institutional buildings) is a significant contributor to Canada’s total energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially for space and water heating. This sector accounted for almost 18% of national GHG emissions in 2018.footnote 1 The levels of GHG emissions in the building sector are largely determined by the energy-using products used. For instance, products that combust fossil fuels to generate heat lead to direct carbon dioxide emissions at the site, while products that consume electricity can contribute to GHG emissions at the point of electricity generation.
Regulating the energy use of products is one of many tools available to the Government to reduce energy consumption, rebuild a competitive, more sustainable and resilient economy, and support the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050.
Unnecessary differences across jurisdictions on energy efficiency or testing standards of products can hinder cross-border trade and investment and ultimately impose a cost on citizens, businesses, and economies. While Canada and the United States are currently aligned on energy efficiency and testing standards for central air conditioners and central heat pumps, the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) has finalized new energy efficiency and testing standards set to become effective as of January 1, 2023, and without Canadian regulatory actions now, alignment for these products would not be maintained. As it is currently the intent to be aligned with the U.S. DOE for various other regulated products, without regulatory actions at this time, alignment for these products would not be maintained.
For products where alignment on energy efficiency standards, testing standards or information to be provided by dealers already exists between Canada and the United States, not specifying the energy-using products to ensure that the Minister can exercise the ministerial regulations authority, an authority recently added under the Energy Efficiency Act, would slow down future regulatory processes aimed to maintain harmonization with requirements set out in another jurisdiction.footnote 2
Background
In 1992, Parliament passed the Energy Efficiency Act, which provides for the making and enforcement of regulations requiring energy-using products that are imported or shipped inter-provincially for the purpose of sale or lease to meet prescribed energy efficiency standards.
The Energy Efficiency Regulations came into force in 1995 to reduce energy consumption in Canada, and continue to be a key tool to reduce energy consumption and help reduce GHG emissions. In 2016, the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (the Regulations) replaced the original Energy Efficiency Regulations to remove references to obsolete and out-of-date standards and improve the organization of the regulatory text, making it easier for stakeholders to find and understand the requirements that apply to them. The Regulations are amended regularly to add or update energy efficiency standards, testing standards, and reporting or verification requirements for energy-using products used in the residential, commercial, institutional and industrial sectors.
In 2011, the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council stated in the Joint Action Plan for the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council that unnecessary regulatory differences and duplicative actions hinder cross-border trade and investment and ultimately impose a cost on citizens, businesses and economies. Since August 2014, with the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council Joint Forward Plan, Canada and the United States have worked towards aligning new and existing energy efficiency and testing standards for energy-using products, to the extent practicable and permitted by law within the context of the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council.
In December 2016, First Ministers adopted the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change (PCF), which presents the country’s plan to meet its GHG emissions reduction targets, grow the economy, and build resilience to a changing climate. Canada’s “Build Smart” plan outlined an approach for the Canadian building sector that includes improving energy efficiency for products.footnote 3
In January 2017, the U.S. DOE published in the Federal Register a direct final rule pertaining to residential central air conditioners and central heat pumps, which introduced new testing standards and more stringent energy efficiency standards and associated performance metrics.footnote 4 Compliance with the amended standards will be required starting on January 1, 2023.
In 2017, the amendments to the Energy Efficiency Act gave the federal government more tools and greater flexibility to ensure that Canada’s energy efficiency and testing standards can align more effectively with those of trading partners, including the ministerial regulations authority to make technical and administrative changes to regulations to maintain harmonization with another jurisdiction.footnote 5
In June 2018, the Memorandum of Understanding between the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat and the United States Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs Regarding the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council was signed to move forward on energy efficiency and foster alignment of federal regulations where feasible and appropriate.
Amendment 16, the last amendment to the Regulations, was published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, in June 2019. It introduced or updated energy efficiency and testing standards for various residential, commercial and industrial products, including central air conditioners and heat pumps.
In December 2020, the Prime Minister announced Canada’s strengthened climate plan, which aims to make it easier for Canadians to improve the energy efficiency of the places where they live and gather.
In June 2021, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) and the U.S. DOE signed the Memorandum of Understanding Between the Department of Natural Resources of Canada and the Department of Energy of the United States of America Concerning Cooperation on Energy, which acknowledges that both countries will collaborate on new and updated energy efficiency and testing standards.
Regulated energy efficiency standards are one component of Canada’s program to reduce energy consumption and associated GHG emissions. NRCan also administers the ENERGY STAR® for products program, which sets voluntary specifications for products and identifies the top 15% to 30% of energy efficiency performers with an ENERGY STAR® symbol, making the choice of energy-efficient products simple for consumers.footnote 6 These two products-focused programs are part of a larger ecosystem of programs managed by NRCan designed to improve the energy efficiency in Canada’s homes, businesses, institutions, industries and transportation. When combined, energy efficiency standards and both mandatory and voluntary labelling programs drive product innovation through cycles of continuous improvement.footnote 7 Increasing the stringency of energy efficiency standards eliminates the least efficient products from the market. Increasing the levels that must be met for a product to be certified as ENERGY STAR® encourages manufacturers to produce affordable high-efficiency products that consumers will recognize as good choices to lower their energy costs.
Energy efficiency standards and labelling programs are among the most cost-effective GHG emissions reduction policies and are the cornerstone of energy efficiency and climate change programs in more than 80 countries.footnote 8 According to the International Energy Agency, improvements to the energy efficiency of products are some of the lowest-cost options available today for reducing energy consumption and associated emissions, with typical society benefit-cost ratios of 4:1, while providing net financial benefits to individuals and the community. Other benefits include employment, product innovation, water savings, improvements in air quality and the reduction of public expenditures on health and infrastructure.footnote 9
Objective
The goals of the Amendment are to
- Reduce energy consumption and resulting GHG emissions associated with products used in homes, contribute to Canada’s commitment to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, reduce the load on the electricity system, and help Canadians save money on their energy bills.
- Prevent and reduce unnecessary regulatory difference with the U.S. energy efficiency or testing standards to reduce compliance burden and support cross-border trade.footnote 10
- Put in place the tools to ensure the Minister can exercise the Ministerial regulations authority in the future to facilitate maintaining harmonization with another jurisdiction (subsection 20.1(2) of the Energy Efficiency Act).
Description
The Amendment would focus on a few key changes needed to maintain or increase alignment with the United States and to address known issues with Canadian requirements. Due to the Amendment’s implications on international trade, stakeholders are given a 70-day period to provide their comments on the proposal, from the day the Amendment is prepublished in the Canada Gazette, Part I. The Amendment would come into force six months after the date of publication in the Canada Gazette, Part II. The result of these changes would be that, as of the prescribed effective dates, it would be illegal to import into Canada or ship between provinces and territories for the purpose of sale or lease any of the regulated energy-using products unless they comply with the regulated requirements. A more detailed description of the Amendment is provided below.
(a) Update energy efficiency and testing standards for split system central air conditioners and central heat pumps
Split system central air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivision F)
Split system central air conditioners are air conditioners with a cooling capacity of less than 19 kW (65 000 Btu/h) and where the condensing unit is placed outdoors while the evaporator is indoors. They may or may not use ducts to distribute cooled air to one or more rooms. These air conditioners are primarily used in the residential sector.
As of the coming into force date, for split system central air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, the Amendment would update testing and energy efficiency standards to align with the new testing standards and more stringent energy efficiency standards of the U.S. DOE set to become effective on January 1, 2023.
Split system central heat pumps (Division 3, Subdivision G)
Split system central heat pumps are heat pumps with a cooling or heating capacity of less than 19 kW (65 000 Btu/h) and where the condensing unit is typically placed outdoors while the evaporator is indoors. They may or may not use ducts to distribute heated or cooled air to one or more rooms. These heat pumps are primarily used in the residential sector.
As of the coming into force date, for split system central heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, the Amendment would update testing and energy efficiency standards to generally align with the new testing standards and more stringent energy efficiency standards of the U.S. DOE set to become effective on January 1, 2023. The Amendment would make the following adjustments to the U.S. requirements to ensure that heat pumps available in Canada will provide Canadians with energy savings despite Canada’s colder climate: (i) require additional testing and reporting under cold climate conditions; and (ii) require that energy performance information be provided for Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV as in the United States).footnote 11 In addition, the Amendment would insert the word “central” to the title of “Split system heat pumps.”
(b) Update testing standards for single package central air conditioners and central heat pumps
Single package central air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivision D)
Single package central air conditioners are air conditioners with a cooling capacity of less than 19 kW (65 000 Btu/h) and where the evaporator coil and the condensing unit are combined into a single physical unit. They use ducts to distribute cooled air to one or more rooms. These air conditioners are primarily used in the residential sector.
As of the coming into force date, for single package central air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, the Amendment would update testing standards, and convert the energy efficiency standards in associated performance metrics to align with the new testing standards of the U.S. DOE set to become effective on January 1, 2023.
Single package central heat pumps (Division 3, Subdivision E)
Single package central heat pumps are heat pumps with a cooling or heating capacity of less than 19 kW (65 000 Btu/h) and where the evaporator coil and the condensing unit are typically combined into a single physical unit. They use ducts to distribute heated or cooled air to one or more rooms. These heat pumps are primarily used in the residential sector.
As of the coming into force date, for single package central heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, the Amendment would update testing standards, and convert the energy efficiency standards in associated performance metrics to generally align with the new testing standards of the U.S. DOE set to become effective on January 1, 2023. The Amendment would make the following adjustments to the U.S. requirements to ensure that heat pumps available in Canada will provide Canadians with energy savings despite Canada’s colder climate: (i) require additional testing and reporting under cold climate conditions; and (ii) require that energy performance information be provided for Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV as in the United States).footnote 11 In addition, the Amendment would insert the word “central” to the title of “Single package heat pumps.”
(c) Make minor changes to the scope and to the reporting requirements or provide alternative testing standards for other currently regulated products
Ceiling fan light kits (Division 8, Subdivision C)
Ceiling fan light kits are designed to provide light from a ceiling fan and is
- (a) integral to the fan before its retail sale; or
- (b) attachable to the fan after its retail sale.
As of the coming into force date, the Amendment would add mandatory reporting of light output, in lumens, for ceiling fan light kits in order to allow compliance verification.
Electric motors (Division 12, Subdivision A)
Electric motors are typically used in commercial and industrial applications to convert electrical power into mechanical power for equipment such as compressors, pumps, machinery, and material/air-handling equipment. They operate on three-phase power, with output power ranging from 0.75 kW (1 horsepower) up to 375 kW (500 horsepower).
As of the coming into force date, the Amendment would modify some energy efficiency standards tables to always point to the latest NEMA MG-1 version of Table 12-12, and provide more testing options to align with the recent changes by the U.S. DOE, which became effective on July 6, 2021.
Electric water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision A)
Electric water heaters are typically used in household and commercial settings to heat water using electricity as the source of energy.
As of the coming into force date, in order to align with the current U.S. DOE requirements, the Amendment would adjust the input rate boundary between household and commercial electric water heaters, and update the scope of products subject to energy efficiency standards by removing commercial electric water heaters with a nominal volume (Vr) greater than 530 L (140 US gallons) manufactured on or after January 1, 2020, from having to comply with performance requirements.
Fluorescent lamp ballasts (Division 7, Subdivision F)
Fluorescent lamp ballasts start and maintain the flow of electricity to tube lights that are commonly used for overhead lighting in offices and commercial spaces.
As of the coming into force date, in order to align with the current U.S. DOE, the Amendment would add the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations testing standards, as amended from time to time, as an alternative testing option.
Gas-fired storage water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision B)
Gas-fired storage water heaters are typically used in household and commercial settings to heat water using propane or natural gas as the fuel source.
As of the coming into force date, in order to align with the current U.S. DOE requirements, the Amendment would modify the energy efficiency standard for commercial gas-fired storage water heaters with a Vr greater than 530 L (140 US gallons) manufactured on or after July 1, 2023; modify the testing standards for commercial gas-fired storage water heaters; and modify the energy efficiency standard for the standby loss limits of commercial gas-fired storage water heaters.
Lamps and lamp ballasts (Division 7, Interpretation and Labelling)
As of the coming into force date, the Amendment would make a minor change to the French version of the modified spectrum lamp definition as well as correct the French language text for package labelling in order to reflect the industry standard terminology, reflect the language in the English version of the Regulations, and improve technical accuracy.
Oil-fired water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision C)
Oil-fired water heaters are typically used in household and commercial settings using oil as a fuel source.
As of the coming into force date, in order to align with the current U.S. DOE, the Amendment would modify the volume ranges for household oil-fired water heaters to include heaters with a first-hour rating equal to 284 L (75 US gallons); provide specific requirements for commercial oil-fired water heaters with a Vr greater than 530 L (140 US gallons) that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020; modify the energy efficiency standard for the standby loss limits of commercial oil-fired water heaters; exempt from standby loss reporting commercial oil-fired water heaters with a Vr greater than 530 L; and modify the testing standards for some commercial oil-fired water heaters. In addition, the Amendment would remove the word “storage” in the term “commercial oil-fired storage water heater” to ensure consistency of terminology throughout the Regulations.
Small electric motors (Division 12, Subdivision B)
Small electric motors are typically used in residential, commercial, and industrial applications to convert electrical power into mechanical power for equipment such as compressors and pumps. They operate on single or polyphase power, with output power ranging from 0.18 kW (0.25 horsepower) up to 2.2 kW (3 horsepower).
As of the coming into force date, the Amendment would provide more testing options in order to align with the recent changes by the U.S. DOE which became effective on July 6, 2021.
Walk-in freezer and walk-in cooler components (Division 10, Subdivision D)
Walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers are enclosed storage spaces of less than 278.71 m2 that are typically used to temporarily store refrigerated or frozen food or other perishable goods. These walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers are primarily used in the food service and food sales industry.
As of the coming into force date, the Amendment would add missing definitions and modify the definitions for “walk-in cooler,” “walk-in freezer,” “walk-in door assembly,” “walk-in panel” and “walk-in refrigeration system” to not include products designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific, or research purposes in order to align with the U.S. DOE. In addition, the Amendment would add RSI/R-value (the measurements used to denote thermal resistance) units and equations, and clarify voltage operational limits for certain walk-in units to reflect the Canadian market in order to provide information to Canadians in equivalent metric system values, and ensure Canadian-specific products are covered by the Regulations.
(d) Specify some energy-using products to ensure the Minister can exercise the ministerial regulations authority to maintain harmonization of regulatory requirements with another jurisdiction
The Amendment would specify the energy-using products for which requirements could be amended by ministerial regulations authority in future regulatory processes. These ministerial regulations are limited in use for the purposes of maintaining the harmonization of requirements for energy efficiency standards and testing standards in the Regulations, and information that must be provided by dealers under section 5 of the Energy Efficiency Act, with requirements of another jurisdiction (usually the United States). This authority in section 20.1 of the Energy Efficiency Act would only apply to the following products, for which the alignment with the energy efficiency standard, testing standard or information already exists:
- Clothes dryers
- Clothes washers
- Integrated clothes washer-dryers
- Dishwashers
- Refrigerators and combination refrigerator-freezers
- Freezers
- Gas ranges
- Dehumidifiers
- Microwave ovens
- Miscellaneous refrigeration products
- Ceiling fans
- Room air conditioners
- Large air conditioners
- Packaged terminal air conditioners
- Single package central air conditioners
- Single package vertical air conditioners
- Split system central air conditioners
- Portable air conditioners
- Large heat pumps
- Packaged terminal heat pumps
- Single package central heat pumps
- Single package vertical heat pumps
- Split system central heat pumps
- Gas furnaces
- Oil-fired furnaces
- Electric furnaces
- Gas boilers
- Oil-fired boilers
- Electric boilers
- Gas-fired storage water heaters
- Oil-fired water heaters
- Electric water heaters
- Gas-fired instantaneous water heaters
- General service lamps
- Modified spectrum incandescent lamps
- General service incandescent reflector lamps
- General service fluorescent lamps
- Fluorescent lamp ballasts
- Metal halide lamp ballasts
- Torchieres
- Ceiling fan light kits
- Exit signs
- Traffic signal modules
- Pedestrian modules
- External power supplies
- Battery chargers
- Commercial refrigerators
- Commercial refrigerator-freezers
- Commercial freezers
- Refrigerated beverage vending machines
- Snack and refrigerated beverage vending machines
- Ice-makers
- Walk-in door assemblies
- Walk-in panels
- Walk-in refrigeration systems
- Dry-type transformers
- Electric motors
- Small electric motors
- Commercial pre-rinse spray valves
- Clean water pumps
Regulatory development
Consultation
Stakeholders were informed of the changes being considered in the Amendment and were provided opportunities to comment at several points since 2020. Overall, stakeholders were generally supportive of the approach. Groups that were informed include, but are not limited to, manufacturers, distributors, importers, retailers, industry associations, provincial, territorial, federal and international governments, energy utilities, general interest groups, certification bodies, custom brokers, consumer associations, contractors, builders, energy efficiency advocates and non-governmental organizations.
Activities undertaken
The key activities used to communicate details to, and gather comments from, the stakeholder community about the Amendment are outlined below in chronological order.
Publications and webinars
The information related to publications and webinars has been distributed to stakeholders via targeted emails to over 6 000 stakeholders. In turn, many of these individuals and organizations forwarded this information, providing access to a large audience of stakeholders. The main publications and the webinar made available to stakeholders include
- Forward Regulatory Plan: in April 2020, NRCan updated its Regulations Forward Regulatory Plan for Amendments to Canada’s Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 to indicate its intent to proceed with the development of Amendment 17.
- Technical bulletin: in May 2021, a technical bulletin for central air conditioners and heat pumps was published for central air conditioners and central heat pumps to collect stakeholder views on the requirements being considered.
- Webinar: in May 2021, a product-specific webinar was held for central air conditioners and central heat pumps with affected stakeholders. The webinar mainly discussed the content of the technical bulletin and sought input on the Amendment and potential implications for any subset of the population.
Meetings
In addition to the activities outlined above, NRCan held two meetings with the main manufacturers’ associations impacted by the Amendment, the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) and the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada (HRAI), to further inform them about the content of the Amendment.
- First meeting: held in January 2021, during this meeting NRCan communicated that it would consider generally aligning with the U.S. DOE for central air conditioners and central heat pumps. NRCan exposed its intention to adjust the testing standards to require additional testing under cold climate conditions and to require that energy performance information be reported for Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV as in the United States).
- Second meeting: held in March 2021, during this meeting NRCan presented the work that had been done to convert the energy efficiency standards from Climate Region IV (used in the United States) to Climate Region V (used in Canada) to account for differences between the Canadian and U.S. climates.
Other ongoing activities
NRCan also maintains the following ongoing activities that provide additional opportunities to inform and gather feedback from stakeholders:
- The Energy efficiency regulations web page of the NRCan website where stakeholders can find up-to-date information about energy efficiency standards for products that are regulated in Canada.
- Ongoing bilateral discussions where NRCan is in close contact with the industry through major industry associations to discuss changes to the proposed Regulations.
- Ongoing monthly discussions with provinces and territories through the energy efficiency regulations coordination monthly meetings to discuss federal and provincial energy efficiency regulations.
Summary of comments received from impacted stakeholders
The following elaborates only where there were substantive discussions, describing how those discussions were taken into account in the development of the Amendment.
For split system central air conditioners and single package central air conditioners, all comments received supported aligning energy efficiency standards and/or testing standards between Canada and the United States.
For split system central heat pumps and single package central heat pumps, comments from two energy efficiency advocates and one gas utility supported the Amendment. Comments from AHRI, HRAI and two manufacturers supported the general alignment with the United States, despite some concerns. The concerns expressed by these stakeholders were mainly about: (i) the additional testing and reporting requirements under cold climate conditions due to the limited number of testing facilities and the added costs; (ii) the methodology used to convert the energy efficiency standards from Climate Region IV (used in the United States) to Climate Region V (used in Canada); and (iii) the amount of time to comply with the Amendment.
In response to these concerns, NRCan is proposing to keep the Amendment as proposed based on the following.
Additional testing and reporting under cold climate conditions due to the limited number of testing facilities and the added costs
NRCan believes that all certification laboratories are set up for testing at very low temperature and the additional testing cost is relatively small (approximately 5% of the total testing costs). Obtaining the cold temperature performance is important for 90% of the Canadian population that lives in cold climate regions and would enhance the sizing, selection and operation of central heat pumps. It would also inform consumers about purchase decisions and enable utility programs to incentivize heat pumps that provide good cold-climate performance.
Methodology used to convert the energy efficiency standards to Climate Region V
The Climate Region V reflects more accurately the Canadian climatic conditions in which heat pumps would be operating. To determine equivalent energy efficiency standards for Climate Region V, NRCan undertook an analysis of over 7 000 variable-capacity and single-speed heat pumps that had reported cold climate test data. NRCan considers the resulting conclusion reliable.
Amount of time to comply with the Amendment
NRCan considers that since the testing standards proposed are aligned with the U.S. standards, which have been published since January 6, 2017, manufacturers have had sufficient notice to prepare. Also, since there are no energy efficiency standard requirements under cold climate conditions, no redesigning is required, and thus there is no need to provide more time for compliance with the Amendment.footnote 12
Modern treaty obligations and Indigenous engagement and consultation
The Amendment does not trigger the Crown’s duty to consult, as it has no adverse impact on Aboriginal and treaty rights. An assessment of modern treaty implications has been conducted and found no modern treaty implications given that this proposal does not have impact on indigenous land and resource management rights described in a modern treaty, does not include employment of federal officials or procurement activities in a geographic area subject to a modern treaty, and does not include any funding or resources.
Instrument choice
Maintaining the baseline scenario (no action)
Given Canada’s commitment to reach net zero by 2050 and the fact that in 2018 Canada’s building sector accounted for approximately 18% of national emissions, maintaining the status quo would not contribute to incremental reductions towards the achievement of this goal. Maintaining the status quo would also lead to missed opportunities to reduce energy consumption, leaving households with higher energy costs for cooling and heating their homes. The status quo option would not deliver on the federal government’s commitment to foster alignment of federal regulations where feasible and appropriate.
Developing voluntary mechanisms for central air conditioners and central heat pumps
Under this approach, the Regulations would be repealed for the products subject to the Amendment, and voluntary mechanisms would be developed to ensure that manufacturers adopt the U.S. DOE energy efficiency and testing standards for these products. This option may reduce costs for the industry since there would be no mandatory requirements to meet for these products. However, such voluntary mechanisms would still require accounting for differences between the Canadian and U.S. climate conditions to ensure that products available in Canada provide Canadians with energy savings despite Canada’s cold climate. Furthermore, there would need to be some data submission and monitoring to ensure that expected results are achieved. Voluntary mechanisms would not be in place quickly enough to prevent unnecessary differences between Canada and the United States on energy efficiency and testing standards for central air conditioners and central heat pumps.
In addition, voluntary mechanisms may not address energy consumption to the extent that a regulatory approach would, as it would be impossible to impose compliance with voluntary standards given the high numbers of stakeholders impacted. This would be a significant departure from Canada’s approach to advancing energy efficiency and from the intent of the Energy Efficiency Act.
Regulatory actions (the Amendment)
Taking regulatory actions would lead to greater reductions in energy use, leading to greater GHG emission reductions compared with either the status quo or voluntary mechanisms. The Amendment would prevent various unnecessary regulatory differences, in particular, the testing and energy efficiency standards for central air conditioners and central heat pumps between Canada and the United States, and thereby avoid unnecessary burden on industry. The proposed amendments would also facilitate future regulatory actions to maintain alignment for products where there is already a policy to align with the U.S. DOE.
Regulatory analysis
Benefits and costs
Summary
The present value of net benefits of the Amendment is estimated to be more than $1.68 billion by 2050, with total benefits exceeding total costs by a ratio of more than 5:1. By 2050, the present value of benefits and costs from the Amendment is estimated to be about $2.06 billion and $374.27 million, respectively. Benefits and costs associated with the Amendment are presented in Table 1.
| Costs (as applicable) | Monetized benefits | Quantified benefits | Unquantified non-energy benefits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Technology costs | Energy (electricity) savings | Energy savings (petajoule) | Outside air quality, competitiveness, job growth, home comfort, indoor air quality, minimizing depressurization in new construction, etc. |
| Installation and maintenance costs | Avoided damages because of GHG reductions | GHG emission reductions (MtCO2e) | |
| Government administration | Avoided compliance cost associated with prevention of unnecessary regulatory differences (central air conditioners and central heat pumps) | N/A | |
| Compliance costs associated with new testing requirements | N/A | N/A | Avoided trade and compliance issues (make minor changes to the scope, reporting requirements or provide alternative testing standards for some currently regulated products) |
| Administrative burdentable a1 note a | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Table a1 note(s)
|
|||
Reduced energy consumption, lower GHG emissions and fewer unnecessary regulatory differences would result in significant net benefits over the lifetime of affected product models when comparing the regulatory scenario (the Amendment) with the baseline scenario. The benefits vary by individual user depending on end-use sector, geographical location and operational practices.
Annual reductions in energy consumption associated with the Amendment are estimated to be 0.79 petajoules in 2030, and to reach 2.11 petajoules in 2050, as the sale of more efficient products steadily replaces the pre-Amendment stock.
Annual reductions in GHG emissions (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent [MtCO2e]) resulting from these reductions in energy consumption are estimated to be 0.08 MtCO2e in 2030, and to reach 0.22 MtCO2e in 2050. It is estimated that, by applying a social cost of carbon (SCC) dioxide equivalent (CO2e) to these reductions, the cumulative present value of economic benefits associated with GHG emission reductions would be about $238.71 million by 2050.footnote 13
Canadian consumers would also realize economic co-benefits in the form of reduced energy costs due to the implementation of the Amendment. It is estimated that almost $1.46 billion in cumulative present value energy savings would be realized by 2050.
The cumulative present value of incremental technology costs associated with the Amendment is estimated to be almost $361.67 million by 2050. Interested parties seeking more details on this analysis can request a copy of the Cost-Benefit Analysis report by contacting the individual named at the end of this document.
Consultations — cost-benefit analysis
Stakeholders were engaged on various occasions and in various ways on the development of the cost-benefit analysis. For instance, in April 2021, a market study for central air conditioners and central heat pumps was completed by a third-party consultant who worked with manufacturers and industry associations. The study provided the primary data used to conduct the cost-benefit analysis for products where updates to testing and/or energy efficiency standards were considered. Later in May 2021, a product-specific webinar was held on central air conditioners and central heat pumps with affected stakeholders, which, among other things, provided information and links to the cost-benefit methodology and sought input on that methodology and potential impacts on stakeholders.
Methodology, assumptions and data
NRCan analyzed the economic gains to be made through the new and more stringent energy efficiency standards and the impact on Canadian society within a cost-benefit analysis framework. The costs and benefits associated with the Amendment were obtained by comparing the following scenarios:
- the baseline scenario (i.e. excluding the Amendment); and
- the regulatory scenario (i.e. the Amendment).
For the purpose of this analysis, in the baseline scenario where Canadian energy efficiency standards are aligned with those of the United States, it was assumed that incremental costs and benefits in Canada were fully the result of the previous amendments to the Regulations, with no spillover effects from the other jurisdictions such as the United States, to provide an assessment of the full economic impacts of regulatory changes affecting Canadians.
The regulatory scenario is defined as the application of updated energy efficiency standards across two products (split system central air conditioners and central heat pumps) relative to markets defined by a market study completed in April 2021. Other products subject to the Amendment are only included in the cost-benefit analysis if they are linked to incremental compliance and administrative cost-benefit calculations. No other benefits or costs have been modelled for these last products given that there are no added technology, installation or maintenance costs associated with these.
Benchmarks
For all products with updated energy efficiency standards, benchmarks are chosen to represent the product models that just meet and that do not meet the more stringent energy efficiency standards. Within the non-compliant benchmarks, two efficiency levels are considered and weighted based on their relative market share: (1) the least efficient level; and (2) the average efficient level. Where relevant, regional sensitivities are evaluated (e.g. a heat pump would save more energy per year in a colder location).
Methodology to estimate costs
The “incremental” technology, installation and maintenance costs associated with the Amendment were determined as the difference between the cost of the inefficient product model, represented by the selected benchmark, and the cost of a modified version of that product model that would meet the updated energy efficiency standards. For each product, the potential technology cost of modifying the inefficient benchmark product model so that it meets the more stringent energy efficiency standards was estimated (e.g. the cost of adding extra insulation to a water heater or the cost of replacing an inefficient compressor in an air conditioner). These costs were then multiplied by the number of shipments of the product models in the baseline scenario that were estimated to have an energy performance that is worse than what is required by the energy efficiency standards. Results were combined across all affected products to arrive at the estimate of total incremental technology costs.
Additional incremental costs related to installation and maintenance over the lifetime of the product are also evaluated, if applicable. These costs were found not to vary by efficiency for the products affected by the Amendment.
Other costs reported as being attributable to the Amendment include, as appropriate, administrative and compliance costs to businesses, as well as those incurred by the Government to implement the changes. Compliance costs arise when new testing is required for manufacturers. However, compliance costs for products that are already being tested to enter the U.S. market or are under voluntary programs would be incurred in both the baseline and policy scenarios, so are not considered incremental in the analysis.footnote 27 Compliance costs include all actions required to meet compliance requirements (e.g. familiarization with new procedures, set-up, labour, supplies) and are calculated by multiplying the cost related to testing a typical model with the number of models that are expected to be tested on (i) the year the Regulations come into force; and (ii) the subsequent years models are introduced or improved, as relevant. The administrative burden is calculated using the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator. Administrative costs are discussed later in the “One-for-one rule” section.
Methodology to estimate benefits
Energy savings for each product with updated energy efficiency standards were estimated by calculating the energy used by the selected benchmark product model by simulating how it would be normally used in a year (e.g. number of operating hours). The result is compared to the energy used by the modified version of that product model that would meet the updated energy efficiency standards. The difference was multiplied by the number of shipments of the product models in the baseline scenario that were estimated to have an energy performance that is worse than what is required by the updated energy efficiency standards based on the number of years the product is expected to last, in order to arrive at the total energy savings. Results were summed across all affected products to arrive at the estimate of total energy saved. Energy savings were monetized using the cost of energy per unit of energy saved (i.e. dollars per kilowatt-hour).
The reductions in GHG emissions were calculated by applying fuel-specific emissions factors, consistent with those published by Environment and Climate Change Canada, to the resulting energy savings. To remain consistent with the U.S. methodology and produce more realistic GHG savings, the reductions attributable to diminished electricity consumption reported throughout this document were calculated by applying the emission factors associated with the marginal fuels used to generate the electricity that would be saved through implementation of the Amendment.footnote 15 To allow comparison with outcomes reported under the PCF, the reductions in GHG emissions were also calculated by applying an average emission factor. Annual reductions in GHG emissions with the average emission factor are estimated to be about 1.2 MtCO2e by 2050 (versus 3.9 MtCO2e with the marginal emission factor).
GHG emissions were monetized and incorporated into the analysis using an SCC. The SCC represents an estimate of the economic value of avoided climate change damages at the global level — for current and future generations — as a result of reducing GHG emissions.
Modifications to the Regulations sometimes generate compliance cost savings in situations where an amendment allows companies to eliminate or avoid the need to test their products differently in order to sell in every North American market. These are estimated by multiplying the cost savings of testing a typical model with the number of models that are expected to be tested on (i) the year the Regulations come into force; and (ii) the subsequent years models are introduced or improved, as relevant.
Assumptions
The key assumptions used in the main analysis are the following:
- The analysis covers shipments impacted by the Amendment between 2023 and 2050.
- The baseline scenario reflects Canadian market conditions in 2020.
- Benefits and costs are measured in real constant 2020 dollars.
- A 3% real discount rate is applied to all benefits and costs with values discounted to 2022.footnote 16
- Canadian average energy prices are based on data from Environment and Climate Change Canada’s 2020 reference case emission projections.footnote 17
- The SCC used in this analysis is calculated by Environment and Climate Change Canada at $53.94/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2023 (in 2020$), increasing each year with the expected growth in damages.footnote 18
- Costs incurred by manufacturers to produce more efficient technologies are assumed to be passed on to consumers.
- Incremental costs associated with more efficient technology were estimated in 2020 and are assumed to be constant, despite evidence that such costs come down with time, owing to improvements in manufacturing processes and economies of scale as higher volumes of product models with new technology enter the market.footnote 19 This assumption could lead to overestimates of manufacturing costs; however, it provides a conservative assessment of overall net benefits.
Data collection and sources
Data was collected on a product-by-product basis, through a market study. The study provided key inputs to the analysis, such as the market size, the portion of the market that meets and does not meet the new or more stringent energy efficiency standards, the benchmarks that best represent the market, energy savings from the baseline scenario to the regulatory scenario, costs of moving from the baseline scenario to the regulatory scenario, product lifetime, and installation and maintenance costs. The market study also provided data to estimate compliance costs.
Cost-benefit statements
The methodology described above was applied to all products to develop an estimate of the benefits and costs attributable to the Amendment. The results vary by product depending on the magnitude of the increase in stringency of the energy efficiency standards and the estimated portion of the market that would be impacted by the Amendment. The estimated benefits and costs for all products shipped by 2050 are presented in Table 2. These results were then aggregated to present the overall impacts of the Amendment in tables 3 to 6.
- Number of years: 28 (2023 to 2050)
- Base year for costing: 2020
- Present value base year: 2022
- Discount rate: 3%
| Product division | Product subdivision | Product coststable a1 note atable a1 note b | Product benefitstable a1 note a table b1 note c | Product net benefitstable a1 note a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division 2 — Air Conditioners, Condensing Units and Chillers | Subdivision D — Single Package Central Air Conditioner | $0.00 | $24.66 | $24.66 |
| Subdivision F — Split System Central Air Conditioners | $300.20 | $1,098.25 | $798.05 | |
| Division 3 — Heat Pumps | Subdivision E — Single Package Central Heat Pumps | $0.80 | $9.93 | $9.13 |
| Subdivision G — Split System Central Heat Pumps | $73.20 | $924.06 | $850.86 | |
| Total of all products | N/A | $374.20 | $2,056.90 | $1,682.70 |
Table b1 note(s)
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| Impacted stakeholder | Description of cost | Annual total in 2023 table b2 note c | Annual total in 2030 table b2 note c | Annual total in 2040 table b2 note c | Annual total in 2050 table b2 note c | Cumulative total by 2050 table b2 note d | Average annualized total over the 2023–2050 period table b2 note e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumers | Technology, installation and maintenance coststable b2 note a | $9.20 | $20.06 | $20.06 | $20.06 | $361.67 | $19.27 |
| Industry | Administrative burdentable b2 note b | $0.07 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0.07 | $0.004 |
| Industry | Compliance costs | $2.77 | $0.55 | $0.55 | $0.55 | $12.53 | $0.67 |
| Government | Government costs | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| All stakeholders | Total costs | $12.04 | $20.61 | $20.61 | $20.61 | $374.27 | $19.94 |
Table b2 note(s)
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| Impacted stakeholder | Description of benefit | Annual total in 2023table b3 note a | Annual total in 2030table b3 note a | Annual total in 2040table b3 note a | Annual total in 2050table b3 note a | Cumulative total by 2050table b3 note b | Average annualized total over the period 2023–2050 table b3 note c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumers | Pre-tax fuel (electricity) savings | $29.16 | $75.40 | $88.95 | $96.23 | $1,463.62 | $78.00 |
| Canadians | Avoided GHG damages | $5.03 | $12.59 | $14.22 | $14.90 | $238.71 | $12.72 |
| Industry | Avoided costs associated with preventing unnecessary regulatory differences | $18.90 | $18.90 | $18.90 | $18.90 | $354.57 | $18.90 |
| All stakeholders | Total benefits | $53.09 | $106.89 | $122.07 | $130.03 | $2,056.90 | $109.62 |
Table b3 note(s)
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| Impact | Annual total in 2023table b4 note a | Annual total in 2030table b4 note a | Annual total in 2040table b4 note a | Annual total in 2050table b4 note a | Cumulative total by 2050table b4 note b | Average annualized total over the 2023–2050 period table b4 note c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total costs | $12.04 | $20.61 | $20.61 | $20.61 | $374.27 | $19.94 |
| Total benefits | $53.09 | $106.89 | $122.07 | $130.03 | $2,056.90 | $109.62 |
| Net impact | $41.05 | $86.28 | $101.46 | $109.42 | $1,682.63 | $89.68 |
Table b4 note(s)
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| Impacted stakeholder | Description of impact | Annual total in 2023 | Annual total in 2030 | Annual total in 2040 | Annual total in 2050 | Cumulative total by 2050 | Average annualized total over the 2023–2050 period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canadians | Energy savings (petajoules) | 0.05 | 0.79 | 1.76 | 2.11 | 36.9 | 1.32 |
| GHG emission reductions (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent) | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 3.9 | 0.14 |
Additional benefits and costs
The proposed amendments remove regulatory differences between Canada and the United States and the analysis quantifies the resulting costs reduction associated with the industry not having to test the same product model twice to satisfy different requirements. However, these only represent a small portion of the impacts associated with regulatory alignment according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.footnote 20
Costs and benefits associated with the changes to other currently regulated products had been quantified in previous amendments to the Regulations. The minor changes to some regulated products to correct known errors with the Regulations or enhance alignment with the United States would result in unquantified avoided trade barriers or compliance issues.
For businesses and institutions using affected energy-using products in their operations, an improvement in energy performance translates into energy and operating cost savings and improved environmental performance, which can lead to increased productivity and competitiveness, and, when such companies spend these energy savings on expanding their businesses or factories, they create greater demand.footnote 21 Reduced electricity consumption from regulated products also benefits the utilities by reducing peak loads and the need to add more generating, transmission and distribution capacity.footnote 22
Because of the lack of data or the complexity involved, the analysis has not quantified widely accepted benefits such as reduced air pollution and non-energy benefits related to energy efficiency, such as increased occupant comfort, better indoor air quality and minimizing risks of depressurization in new constructions with better envelopes.
Access to ministerial regulations would give NRCan the means to update the Regulations in a more time-efficient manner when it is desired to maintain alignment of energy efficiency standards and testing standards with another jurisdiction. It could reduce the time to implement an amendment at both prepublication and publication stages. This benefits trade and business by reducing the period of time during which Canada’s regulations are misaligned with another jurisdiction, notably the United States, and will allow more efficient use of government resources.
Another benefit of the Amendment is related to the verified energy efficiency performance information of energy-using products that is collected by NRCan through its compliance program. Energy performance data for new energy-using products will be posted to the NRCan websitefootnote 23 and will be accessible to households or businesses to help them make informed purchase decisions. Utilities and retailers also benefit from this information since it supports programming to promote the sale of high-efficiency products.
Sensitivity analysis
Given that several inputs into the analysis are subject to a certain degree of uncertainly, in addition to the baseline scenario, sensitivity analyses are performed on the following variables:
- Discount rate: the current analysis uses a 3% social discount rate. However, the results may be sensitive to the discount rate used. To account for this uncertainty, the sensitivity analysis performs the analysis with an opportunity cost of capital of 7% which is consistent with values recommended in the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat Canada’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide for Regulatory Proposals.
- Energy price: the energy prices used in the current analysis are weighted Canadian averages by fuel types and sectors. However, the value faced by the consumers may differ depending on the region they live in. To account for this uncertainty, the sensitivity analysis tests the results with the lowest and highest regional prices.
- GHG emission factor for electricity: the GHG emission factor for electricity used in the current analysis is the NRCan’s marginal emission factor for electricity. However, the results may be sensitive to the emission factor used. To account for this uncertainty, the sensitivity analysis performs the analysis using Environment and Climate Change Canada’s average emission factor for electricity.
- Incremental costs: the methodology assumes that incremental costs of technology remain constant over time. Considering this assumption provides a conservative estimate of future cost changes, a sensitivity analysis is performed to account for a 10% reduction of the estimated incremental costs.
- Social cost of carbon: the analysis uses Environment and Climate Change Canada’s central estimates of the SCC. However, as results may be sensitive to the SCC values, to account for this uncertainty, the sensitivity analysis presents the results with the 95th percentile case estimates of the SCC, which represents the case of extreme climate impacts, as well as without the SCC.
Overall, the various sensitivity scenarios support estimates of positive net benefits for all products, with total cumulative net benefits by 2050 in the range of $744 million (7% discount rate) to $2.6 billion (high energy prices), in comparison to $1.68 billion of net benefits under the reference case, as shown in Table 7 below. The detailed results per product from all these scenarios can be found in the Cost-Benefit Analysis report.
- Number of years: 28 (2023 to 2050)
- Base year for costing: 2020
- Present value base year: 2022
- Discount rate: 3% (unless otherwise indicated)
| Variable | Sensitivity case | Coststable b6 note atable b6 note b | Benefitstable b6 note a table b6 note c | Net benefitstable b6 note a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference case (from Table 5) | N/A | $374 | $2,057 | $1,683 |
| Emission factor | Average factor | $374 | $1,890 | $1,516 |
| Discount rate | 7% | $238 | $983 | $744 |
| Social cost of carbon | Extreme | $374 | $2,847 | $2,473 |
| None | $374 | $1,818 | $1,444 | |
| Energy price | High | $374 | $3,045 | $2,671 |
| Low | $374 | $1,591 | $1,217 | |
| Incremental costs | Low | $338 | $2,057 | $1,719 |
Table b6 note(s)
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Small business lens
Statistics Canada and Canada Border Services Agency data obtained from the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator indicates that 1 094 small businesses may be impacted by the Amendment. Based on this number, the Amendment would increase the administrative burden for small businesses by $5,562 annualized average administrative costs, or $5 per business. These numbers are calculated by the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator, where numbers are presented in present values discounted to 2022, using a 7% discount rate, over 10 years, in 2020 dollars. The estimated impacts on small businesses are presented in Table 8.
Air conditioners and heat pumps are mostly manufactured outside of Canada by multinational companies. Only a few Canadian manufacturers have been identified by the market study used for this Amendment to be producing air conditioners and heat pumps, but they are not small businesses or are not subject to federal regulations as they do not import their products into Canada or ship them from one province to another for the purpose of sale or lease. There are many small businesses that import energy-using products in the country, but the majority of the businesses that import some of the products included in the Amendment are not expected to be significantly impacted financially, given that it will still be possible for them to import air conditioners and heat pumps that meet or exceed the proposed energy efficiency standards and Canadians will still look for them when needing to replace their products. This proposal would ensure that more efficient products are imported and sold to Canadians and no flexibility for small businesses is proposed.
Small business lens summary
- Number of small businesses impacted: 1 094
- Number of years: 10 (2023–2032)
- Base year for costing: 2020
- Present value base year: 2022
- Discount rate: 7%
| Totals | Annualized value | Present value |
|---|---|---|
| Administrative costs | $5,562 | $39,067 |
| Compliance costs | $0 | $0 |
| Total cost (all impacted small business) | $5,562 | $39,067 |
| Cost per impacted small business | $5 | $36 |
Small businesses that are expected to assume incremental costs have been engaged in the pre-consultation, as other businesses, through targeted emails to manufacturers, importers and industry associations, among others. No compliance issues associated with small businesses were raised about the Amendment during this engagement.
One-for-one rule
The Regulations require the submission of energy efficiency reports and import reports, when applicable. Since no new regulated products are added in the Amendment, no new reports would be required. Nevertheless, minor changes to energy efficiency reports would be required for some products already regulated, to reflect changes made in the Amendment. For instance, new data elements would be added to adjust for the additional testing under cold climate conditions for central heat pumps, and for the additional information to be provided for ceiling fan light kits.
The Amendment is considered an “IN” under the one-for-one rule. It would increase the administrative burden by approximately $4,266 in annualized average administrative costs to industry, or $2.59 per business. The numbers are calculated by the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator, where the numbers are presented in present values discounted to 2012, using a 7% discount rate, over 10 years, in 2012 dollars. See Table 3, note b for more detail.
Dealers of the prescribed products will be required to learn about the requirements of the Regulations and submit information before shipping or importing energy-using products in accordance with subsection 5(1) of the Energy Efficiency Act. No comments were received from stakeholders on the impacts of the Amendment on administrative burden. In general, stakeholders were generally supportive of the approach to achieve alignment with U.S. regulations for the products covered in the Amendment.
Familiarization with the Amendment
Familiarization with new information obligations is a one-time administrative function that applies to manufacturers of regulated products. The task involves reviewing and understanding the new requirements of the Amendment, as well as the associated reports. This one-time event is estimated to take two hours to be realized by someone in specialized middle management with a wage rate of approximately $54 (2012$) per hour. The number of stakeholders impacted is estimated at 577, which represents the total number of companies with classification from the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System manufacturing products identified under the following three North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes:footnote 24
- 333416 — Heating equipment and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing
- 335120 — Lighting fixture manufacturing
- 335312 — Motor and generator manufacturing
The use of these codes likely overestimates the total number of companies that would be directly impacted by the Amendment. NRCan does not have access to more detailed information that would allow for a more precise stakeholder estimate and has decided, for the purpose of this calculation, to apply estimates of incremental burden to all 577 stakeholders.
Submitting energy efficiency reports
The Amendment would introduce an administrative burden associated with the reporting of energy performance information before an energy-using product is imported or shipped across provinces and territories. The added burden applies to products that have reporting elements that differ from reporting requirements already in place in other jurisdictions.
The data used to calculate incremental administrative burden costs was obtained from a variety of sources, such as internal compliance databases, numerous product market studies, Statistics Canada, the Canada Border Services Agency, and the U.S. Department of Energy.
To estimate the time required to input the energy performance data, NRCan relied upon a U.S. DOE assessmentfootnote 25 of the time it takes to populate a similar report in a similar context: information is readily available and must simply be entered into the proper place in the report. The U.S. DOE estimated that it took approximately 22 seconds per data element to populate this report. To account for minor differences between the complexities of the data elements in Canada’s reports and those that were the subject of the U.S. DOE analysis, NRCan estimates that it will take 36 seconds per data element. These activities would be undertaken by administrative support with a wage rate of approximately $30 (2012$) per hour.
The Amendment is expected to impact the reporting requirements for manufacturers of heat pumps and ceiling fan light kits. Analysis of the data indicates 307 manufacturers of split system and single package heat pumps (NAICS 333416) may be impacted, which would require inputting two new data fields into the energy efficiency reports.
Fewer manufacturers of ceiling fan light kits are expected to be impacted. The new reporting requirement only applies to a subset of the product (with solid-state lighting), which is estimated at 10% of market share. This estimate, when applied to manufacturers listed under NAICS 335120, indicates that 17 manufacturers would be impacted. These manufacturers would be required to input one new data field into the energy efficiency reports.
Regulatory cooperation and alignment
Amendments to the Regulations are developed in line with previous regulatory cooperation efforts made to address or avoid unnecessary regulatory differences within Canada and within North America, and as per current international agreements:
- Amendments to the Regulations seek to foster alignment of federal regulations where feasible and appropriate, primarily through the use of testing standards already applied by the U.S., to be consistent with the objectives of the Memorandum of Understanding between the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat and the United States Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs Regarding the Canada-United States Regulatory Cooperation Council signed in June 2018, and the more recent Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Natural Resources Canada and the Department of Energy of the United States of America Concerning Cooperation on Energy signed in June 2021.
- The Canada-U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Agreement (CUSMA) includes provisions in support of harmonization and regulatory practice requirements across North America. Annex 12-D of Chapter 12 of CUSMA states that each party shall give consideration to adopting energy efficiency and testing standards adopted by another party. CUSMA does not mandate harmonization, recognizing that successful efforts at harmonization should not diminish consumer welfare, consumer protection and national energy efficiency objectives.
- NRCan cooperates with provincial and territorial governments to position Canada as a global leader in efforts to improve the energy efficiency of products used in the building sector. Informal discussions through existing channels and formal processes under the Regulatory Reconciliation and Cooperation Table (RCT) of the Canadian Free Trade Agreement (CFTA) will reduce and eliminate, to the extent possible, barriers to trade within Canada.
More specifically, regulatory cooperation and alignment in Canada and in North America associated with the Amendment are described in Table 9.
| Regulatory cooperation and alignment in Canada | Regulatory cooperation and alignment in North America | |
|---|---|---|
| Heat pumps and air conditioners | Provinces regulating these products often incorporate by reference Canadian federal and U.S. requirements. Maintaining alignment between Canada and the U.S. also helps the alignment within Canada. | The Amendment would maintain alignment with the U.S. testing and energy efficiency standards for products manufactured on or after January 1, 2023. The Amendment would introduce some regulatory differences given that NRCan would require mandatory reporting of the cold test point that is optional in the U.S. |
| Minor updates | Provinces regulating these products often incorporate by reference Canadian federal and U.S. requirements. Maintaining alignment between Canada and the U.S. also helps alignment within Canada. | The Amendment would make minor updates to scope, reporting or compliance requirements for some currently regulated products to address known issues and to prevent/reduce misalignment with the U.S. |
| Ministerial regulations | The Amendment would allow Canada to move faster to maintain alignment with the United States, and also help provinces that have incorporated NRCan standards by reference. | The Amendment would ensure the Minister can exercise the Ministerial regulations authority in future regulatory processes to maintain alignment of energy efficiency standards and/or testing standards and/or information that must be provided by dealers, with requirements in the U.S. for some products where the alignment already exist. |
Strategic environmental assessment
In accordance with the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, a preliminary scan concluded that a strategic environmental assessment is not required.
Gender-based analysis plus
The Regulations benefit Canadians by helping to eliminate low energy efficiency products from the market. The Amendment would save money for Canadians who would purchase more energy efficient products, and, as result of energy consumption savings, pay less on their energy bills. Low-income Canadians (which disproportionately include women, racialized people, Indigenous peoples, single-parent families, those under 30 and over 65, persons with disabilities, and those with a high school degree or less) might be impacted by the Amendment to the extent there is an increase in retail prices for these products. Those living in low-income households who are also renters could benefit from lower energy costs when their landlords make product replacements with the more efficient models, unless their landlord does not pass on the savings to them.
This analysis was informed by a product-specific market study conducted for the Amendment by a third-party consultant who was requested to identify any disproportionate impacts from increasing energy efficiency standards on certain socio-economic segments of the Canadian population. The factors considered were sex, gender, socio-economic status, race, ethnicity, age, mental or physical disability and whether a population is urban, rural, or remote. NRCan also considered the results of an internal study (NRCan study) that provides an overview of intersectional gender-based issues in Canada’s energy efficiency sector using a gender-based analysis plus and recommendations for future inclusive policy-making.
The market study identified potential impacts based on socio-economic status. More stringent energy efficiency standards could cause a temporary manufacturer costs’ increase, estimated at less than 3% for both products,footnote 26 which could be passed on to retail prices, disproportionally affecting low-income consumers. Previous studies have shown that in practice, manufacturer costs and retail prices have not gone up following required increases in energy efficiency, but instead came down while efficiency increased.footnote 19 Despite this evidence, NRCan’s cost-benefit analysis takes a conservative approach and assumes that incremental manufacturer costs are passed on to consumers and remain constant over the analysis period.
The market study suggested that no impact on consumers of air conditioners and heat pumps is expected based on sex, gender, race, ethnicity, age, or mental or physical disability and whether a population is urban, rural, or remote. However, the NRCan study on intersectional gender-based issues confirms, based on census data, that Canadian groups which are disproportionally experiencing low-income levels include women, racialized people, Indigenous peoples, single-parent families, those under 30 years old and 65 years old and older, persons with disabilities, and those with a high school degree or less (including intersections of these identity factors). Therefore, based on this classification, impacts on low-income consumers can also impact Canadians based on the identity factors sex, gender, race, ethnicity, age, and mental or physical disability. NRCan takes the conservative assumption that any impacts of increased costs on low-income people would also impact these other intersecting identity factors.
Another factor determining access to more energy efficient products is the households’ ability to control or modify their dwelling. In rental housing, the landlord is often the main decision-maker and the renters have relatively less ability to implement energy efficiency decisions. As a result of the Amendment, landlords who would have to replace air conditioners and/or heat pumps would have to purchase more efficient products. Canadians living in low-income households that are renting and paying the utility bills would benefit from lower energy consumption and associated costs. The money saved could be used for other needs. However, renters whose utility costs are included in their rent may not benefit from lower energy consumption if the landlord purchases more energy-efficient products and does not pass on these energy cost savings to tenants in the form of lower rent.
Through the pre-consultation, stakeholders were asked to comment on the potential implications for any subset of the population, including gender-based analysis plus and indigenous considerations. No issues were raised associated with any of these groups.
Implementation, compliance and enforcement, and service standards
The Amendment would come into force six months after the date of publication in the Canada Gazette, Part II. The requirements would apply to the prescribed products based on their date of manufacture or import or interprovincial shipment. Stakeholders can refer to the Guide to Canada’s Energy Efficiency Regulations which will be updated on the coming into force date of the Amendment
The compliance and enforcement procedures already in place for all products prescribed under the Regulations will continue to be used following the coming into force of the Amendment. The main features of these procedures are explained below.
Verification marking and energy efficiency reporting
For products prescribed under the Regulations, NRCan employs a third-party verification system using the services of certification bodies accredited by the Standards Council of Canada. Verified energy performance data is submitted to NRCan by the dealer in an energy efficiency report. This report is required once for each product model before the first importation or interprovincial shipment.
Import reporting and monitoring
NRCan procedures already in place for the collection of information for commercial imports of prescribed products will apply to products affected by the Regulations. These procedures involve crosschecking required import data received from customs release documents with the energy efficiency reports that dealers have submitted to NRCan. This crosschecking ensures that the compliance of prescribed products imported into Canada can be verified.
The Regulations will continue to require dealers of prescribed products to provide the information needed for customs monitoring.
Direct fieldwork: market survey and product testing
In addition to ongoing compliance and marketplace monitoring activities, NRCan surveys and tests products in the context of monitoring compliance outcomes with product-specific compliance audits. Depending on the product, in-store audits and/or testing of products are also conducted.
NRCan also conducts product testing on a complaint-driven basis. The market is highly competitive and suppliers are cognizant of performance claims made by their competitors.
Contact
Abla Hanna
Senior Director
Demand Policy and Analysis Division
Office of Energy Efficiency
Low Carbon Energy Sector
Natural Resources Canada
580 Booth Street
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0E4
Telephone: 343‑292‑6224
Email: equipment-equipement@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca
PROPOSED REGULATORY TEXT
Notice is given that the Governor in Council, pursuant to sections 20footnote a and 25 of the Energy Efficiency Actfootnote b, proposes to make the annexed Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 17).
Interested persons may make representations concerning the proposed Regulations within 70 days after the date of publication of this notice. All such representations must be submitted online on the Canada Gazette, Part I, or, if submitted by email, post or other format, must cite the Canada Gazette, Part I, and the date of publication of this notice, and be addressed to Abla Hanna, Senior Director, Demand Policy and Analysis Division, Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada, 580 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4 (tel.: 343‑292‑6224; email: equipment-equipement@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca).
Ottawa, March 24, 2022
Wendy Nixon
Assistant Clerk of the Privy Council
Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 17)
Amendments
1 Subsection 1(3) of the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 footnote 14 is replaced by the following:
Incorporated standards
(3) In these Regulations, a reference to an AHRI, ANSI, ASHRAE, CGA, CIE, CSA, IES or NEMA MG-1 standard is to be read as a reference to the standard as amended from time to time.
Exception — test procedure waivers
(4) In these Regulations, a reference to a testing standard that is incorporated by reference does not include any test procedure waiver that may be set out in that standard.
2 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 11:
Specified Energy-Using Products
Subsection 20.1(2) of Act
11.1 The following energy-using products are specified for the purpose of subsection 20.1(2) of the Act:
- (a) clothes dryers;
- (b) clothes washers;
- (c) integrated clothes washer-dryers;
- (d) dishwashers;
- (e) refrigerators and combination refrigerator-freezers;
- (f) freezers;
- (g) gas ranges;
- (h) dehumidifiers;
- (i) microwave ovens;
- (j) miscellaneous refrigeration products;
- (k) ceiling fans;
- (l) room air conditioners;
- (m) large air conditioners;
- (n) packaged terminal air conditioners;
- (o) single package central air conditioners;
- (p) single package vertical air conditioners;
- (q) split system central air conditioners;
- (r) portable air conditioners;
- (s) large heat pumps;
- (t) packaged terminal heat pumps;
- (u) single package central heat pumps;
- (v) single package vertical heat pumps;
- (w) split system central heat pumps;
- (x) gas furnaces;
- (y) oil-fired furnaces;
- (z) electric furnaces;
- (z.01) gas boilers;
- (z.02) oil-fired boilers;
- (z.03) electric boilers;
- (z.04) gas-fired storage water heaters;
- (z.05) oil-fired water heaters;
- (z.06) electric water heaters;
- (z.07) gas-fired instantaneous water heaters;
- (z.08) general service lamps;
- (z.09) modified spectrum incandescent lamps;
- (z.10) general service incandescent reflector lamps;
- (z.11) general service fluorescent lamps;
- (z.12) fluorescent lamp ballasts;
- (z.13) metal halide lamp ballasts;
- (z.14) torchieres;
- (z.15) ceiling fan light kits;
- (z.16) exit signs;
- (z.17) traffic signal modules;
- (z.18) pedestrian modules;
- (z.19) external power supplies;
- (z.20) battery chargers;
- (z.21) commercial refrigerators;
- (z.22) commercial refrigerator-freezers;
- (z.23) commercial freezers;
- (z.24) refrigerated beverage vending machines;
- (z.25) snack and refrigerated beverage vending machines;
- (z.26) ice-makers;
- (z.27) walk-in door assemblies;
- (z.28) walk-in panels;
- (z.29) walk-in refrigeration systems;
- (z.30) dry-type transformers;
- (z.31) electric motors;
- (z.32) small electric motors;
- (z.33) commercial pre-rinse spray valves; and
- (z.34) clean water pumps.
3 Section 107 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- space-constrained,
- with respect to a single package central air conditioner or a split system central air conditioner, means one that
- (a) has a cooling capacity that is less than or equal to 8.79 kW (30,000 Btu/h); and
- (b) has an outdoor or indoor unit that has an overall displacement or at least two overall exterior dimensions that
- (i) are substantially smaller than those of other units of a similar cooling capacity that are usually installed in single family homes, and
- (ii) if increased, would result in a considerable increase in the usual cost of installation or in a significant loss in the utility of the product to the consumer. (à espace restreint)
4 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 107:
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1
107.1 For the purposes of this Division, 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 means Appendix M1 to Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps, as amended from time to time, except that the very low temperature heating test at -15°C (5°F) is mandatory.
Type
107.2 For the purposes of these Regulations, a central air conditioner manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 is one of the following types:
- (a) single package, other than space-constrained;
- (b) space-constrained single package;
- (c) split system, other than space-constrained or small-duct and high-velocity;
- (d) small-duct and high-velocity split-system; or
- (e) space-constrained split-system.
5 The definition through-the-wall in section 124 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- through-the-wall
- means, in respect of a single package central air conditioner, one that has a cooling capacity less than or equal to 8.79 kW (30,000 Btu/h), is designed to be installed through an exterior wall and is manufactured prior to January 1, 2023. (mural)
6 Tables 1 and 2 to section 126 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central air conditioners, other than those that are through-the-wall or small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Single package central air conditioners that are through-the-wall |
CSA C656-05 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Single package central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Single package central air conditioners, other than those that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Single package central air conditioners that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 11.7 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central air conditioners, other than those that are through-the-wall, or small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Single package central air conditioners, other than those that are space-constrained |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Single package central air conditioners that are through-the-wall |
CSA C656-05 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Single package central air conditioners that are space-constrained |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Single package central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 |
On or after January 1, 2017 and before January 1, 2023 |
7 The table to section 127 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central air conditioners that are single-phase, other than those that are through-the-wall, manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
2 |
Single package central air conditioners that are three-phase, other than those that are through-the-wall, manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) |
|
3 |
Single package central air conditioners that are single-phase, through-the-wall and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-05 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
4 |
Single package central air conditioners that are three-phase, through-the-wall and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-05 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) |
|
5 |
Single package central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) |
|
6 |
Single package central air conditioners that are single-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (d) |
|
8 The heading of Subdivision F of Division 2 of Part 2 of the English version of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Split System Central Air Conditioners
9 (1) The definition split-system central air conditioner in section 132 of the English version of the Regulations is repealed.
(2) Section 132 of the English version of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- split system central air conditioner
- means a single-phase or three-phase central air conditioner that is a split system and that has a cooling capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). (climatiseur central bibloc)
10 Tables 1 and 2 to section 134 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central air conditioners, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 13.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Split system central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Split system central air conditioners, other than those that are space-constrained or small-duct and high-velocity |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Split system central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 12.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Split system central air conditioners that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 11.7 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central air conditioners, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 13.0 |
On or after February 3, 1995 |
2 |
Split system central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 |
On or after February 3, 1995 |
11 The table to section 135 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central air conditioners that are single-phase and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
2 |
Split system central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) |
|
3 |
Split system central air conditioners that are single-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (d) |
|
12 (1) The portion of the definition small-duct and high-velocity in section 186 of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
- small-duct and high-velocity
- means, with respect to a split system central heat pump or a single package central heat pump, one that has an indoor blower and coil combination that
(2) Section 186 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- space-constrained,
- with respect to a single package central heat pump or a split system central heat pump, means one that
- (a) has a cooling capacity that is less than or equal to 8.79 kW (30,000 Btu/h); and
- (b) has an outdoor or indoor unit that has an overall displacement or at least two overall exterior dimensions that
- (i) are substantially smaller than those of other units of a similar cooling capacity that are usually installed in single family homes, and
- (ii) if increased, would result in a considerable increase in the usual cost of installation or in a significant loss in the utility of the product to the consumer. (à espace restreint)
13 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 186:
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1
186.1 For the purposes of this Division, 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 means Appendix M1 to Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps, as amended from time to time, except that the very low temperature heating test at -15°C (5°F) is mandatory.
Type
186.2 For the purposes of these Regulations, a central heat pump manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 is one of the following types:
- (a) single package, other than space-constrained;
- (b) space-constrained single package;
- (c) split system, other than space-constrained or small-duct and high-velocity;
- (d) small-duct and high-velocity split-system; or
- (e) space-constrained split-system.
14 The heading of Subdivision E of Division 3 of Part 2 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Single Package Central Heat Pumps
15 (1) The definition single package heat pump in section 203 of the Regulations is repealed.
(2) The definition through-the-wall in section 203 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- through-the-wall
- means, in respect of a single package central heat pump, one that has a cooling capacity less than or equal to 8.79 kW (30,000 Btu/h), that is designed to be installed through an exterior wall and that is manufactured prior to January 1, 2023. (murale)
(3) Section 203 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- single package central heat pump
- means a single-phase or three-phase air-to-air central heat pump that is a single package unit and that has a cooling or heating capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h), but does not include a single package vertical heat pump. (thermopompe centrale monobloc)
16 (1) Subsection 204(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Energy-using product
204 (1) A single package central heat pump is prescribed as an energy-using product.
(2) Subsection 204(2) of the English version of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Limit
(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 205, a single package central heat pump is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after February 3, 1995.
17 Sections 205 and 206 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Energy efficiency standards — single-phase
205 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of Table 1 to this section apply to single-phase single package central heat pumps described in column 1 that are manufactured during the periods set out in column 4.
Energy efficiency standards — three-phase
(1.1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of Table 2 to this section apply to three-phase single package central heat pumps described in column 1 that are manufactured during the periods set out in column 4.
Testing standard
(2) A single package central heat pump complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 that are applicable to a single package central heat pump as defined in section 203.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are through-the-wall or small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Single package central heat pumps that are through-the-wall |
CSA C656-05 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.4 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Single package central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4 Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.4 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Single package central heat pumps that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 11.9 Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are through-the-wall or small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.0 |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are space-constrained |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.0 |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Single package central heat pumps that are through-the-wall |
CSA C656-05 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.4 |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Single package central heat pumps that are space-constrained |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.4 |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Single package central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3 |
On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
Information
206 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the information set out in column 3 of the table to this section must be collected and provided to the Minister in respect of a single package central heat pump described in column 1 and, if applicable, the information must be collected in accordance with the standard set out in column 2.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Single package central heat pumps that are single-phase, other than those that are through-the-wall, manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
2 |
Single package central heat pumps that are three-phase, other than those that are through-the-wall, manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) |
|
3 |
Single package central heat pumps that are single-phase, through-the-wall and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-05 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
4 |
Single package central heat pumps that are three-phase, through-the-wall and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-05 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) |
|
5 |
Single package central heat pumps that are single-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (h) |
|
6 |
Single package central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) |
|
18 The heading of Subdivision G of Division 3 of Part 2 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Split System Central Heat Pumps
19 (1) The definition split-system heat pump in section 211 of the Regulations is repealed.
(2) Section 211 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- split system central heat pump
- means a single-phase or three-phase air-to-air central heat pump that is a split system and that has a cooling or heating capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). (thermopompe centrale bibloc)
20 (1) Subsection 212(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Energy-using product
212 (1) A split system central heat pump is prescribed as an energy-using product.
(2) Subsection 212(2) of the English version of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Limit
(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 213, a split system central heat pump is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after December 31, 1998.
21 Sections 213 and 214 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Energy efficiency standards — single-phase
213 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of Table 1 to this section apply to single-phase split system central heat pumps described in column 1 that are manufactured during the periods set out in column 4.
Energy efficiency standards — three-phase
(1.1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of Table 2 to this section apply to three-phase split system central heat pumps described in column 1 that are manufactured during the periods set out in column 4.
Testing standard
(2) A split system central heat pump complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 that are applicable to a split system central heat pump as defined in section 211.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central heat pumps, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.1 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2023 |
2 |
Split system central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 for seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2023 |
3 |
Split system central heat pumps, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity or space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 14.3 Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 6.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
4 |
Split system central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 4.9 Off mode power consumption ≤ 30 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
5 |
Split system central heat pumps that are space-constrained |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 11.9 Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.0 Off mode power consumption ≤ 33 W |
On or after January 1, 2023 |
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
Column 4 Period of Manufacture |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central heat pumps, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.1 |
On or after December 31, 1998 |
2 |
Split system central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity |
CSA C656-14 |
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3 |
On or after December 31, 1998 |
Information
214 For the purposes of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the information set out in column 3 of the table to this section must be collected and provided to the Minister in respect of a split system central heat pump described in column 1 and, if applicable, the information must be collected in accordance with the standard set out in column 2.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Split system central heat pumps that are single-phase and manufactured on or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2023 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) 10 C.F.R. Appendix M for off mode power consumption |
|
2 |
Split system central heat pumps that are single-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (h) |
|
3 |
Split system central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after December 31, 1998 |
CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) |
|
22 Paragraphs 370.1(a) and (b) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
- (a) household, if it has an input rate of less than or equal to 12 kW (40,982 Btu/h); or
- (b) commercial, if it is has an input rate of greater than 12 kW (40,982 Btu/h).
23 Subsection 371(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Limits
(2) However, an electric water heater is not considered to be an energy-using product
- (a) for the purposes of sections 4 and 5, unless it is
- (i) a household electric water heater that is manufactured on or after February 3, 1995, or
- (ii) a commercial electric water heater that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2020; and
- (b) for the purposes of section 372, unless it is
- (i) a household electric water heater that is manufactured on or after February 3, 1995,
- (ii) a commercial electric water heater that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2020, or
- (iii) a commercial electric water heater with a Vr that is less than or equal to 530 L (140 US gallons).
24 The table to section 373 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Household electric water heaters manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 |
CSA C191-04 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c) |
|
2 |
Commercial electric water heaters with a Vr ≤ to 530 L (140 US gallons), manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix B |
|
3 |
Commercial electric water heaters with a Vr > 530 L (140 US gallons), manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix B |
|
25 (1) Subsections 376(2) to (4) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Testing standard — household
(2) A household gas-fired storage water heater complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 of Table 1 that are applicable to a gas-fired storage water heater as defined in section 374.
Energy efficiency standards — commercial
(3) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of Table 2 to this section apply to commercial gas-fired storage water heaters described in column 1 that are manufactured on or after July 1, 2023.
Testing standard — commercial
(4) A commercial gas-fired storage water heater complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 of Table 2 that are applicable to a gas-fired storage water heater as defined in section 374.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
|---|---|
6 |
Household gas-fired storage water heaters that have a first-hour rating of ≥ 284 L (75 US gallons) |
(3) Table 2 to section 376 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters, other than replacement units, that have an input rate of > 21.97 kW (75,000 Btu/h) but ≤ 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h), have a Vr of ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons), use single-phase power and limit water temperatures to < 82°C (180°F) |
CSA P.3-15 |
Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.8107-0.00021 Vs |
2 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters that are replacement units, have an input rate of > 21.97 kW (75,000 Btu/h) but ≤ 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h), have a Vr of ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons), use single-phase power and limit water temperatures to < 82°C (180°F) |
CSA P.3-15 |
Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.6597-0.00024 Vs |
3 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters that have a Vr of > 530 L (140 US gallons) |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
Thermal efficiency ≥ 90% |
4 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters, other than those described in items 1, 2 and 3 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
Thermal efficiency ≥ 90% Standby loss ≤ 0.84 (1.25 Q + 16.57√Vs) |
5 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters, other than those described in items 1, 2 and 3, that are replacement units |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
Thermal efficiency ≥ 80% Standby loss ≤ 1.25 Q + 16.57√Vs |
26 The table to section 377 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Household gas-fired storage water heaters that are manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2018 |
CSA P.3-04 |
|
2 |
Household gas-fired storage water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2018 |
CSA P.3-04, if a certification body has verified that the product is in compliance with the energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(a), 4(a), 5(a) and 6(a) of Table 1 to section 376 CSA P.3-15, if a certification body has verified that the product is in compliance with the energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(b), 4(b), 5(b) and 6(b) of Table 1 to section 376 |
|
3 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters that have an input rate of > 21.97 kW (75,000 Btu/h) but ≤ 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h), have a Vr of ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons), use single-phase power, limit water temperatures to < 82°C (180°F) and are manufactured on or after July 1, 2023 |
CSA P.3-15 |
|
4 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters with a Vr of > 530 L (140 US gallons) that are manufactured on or after July 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
|
5 |
Commercial gas-fired storage water heaters, other than those described in items 3 and 4, that are manufactured on or after July 1, 2023 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
|
27 (1) Subsection 380(4) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Testing standard — commercial
(4) A commercial oil-fired water heater complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 of Table 2 that are applicable to an oil-fired water heater as defined in section 378.
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
|---|---|
6 |
Household oil-fired water heaters that have a first-hour rating of ≥ 284 L (75 US gallons) |
(3) Table 2 to section 380 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Testing Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters that have an input rate of > 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h) but ≤ 40.99 kW (140,000 Btu/h), have a Vr of ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons), use single-phase power, limit water temperatures to < 82°C (180°F) and are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
CSA P.3-15 |
Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.6740 - 0.00035 Vs |
2 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters with a Vr of > 530 L (140 US gallons) that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
Thermal efficiency ≥ 80% |
3 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters, other than those described in items 1 and 2, that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
Thermal efficiency ≥ 80% Standby loss ≤ 1.25 Q + 16.57√Vs |
28 (1) The portion of section 381 of the English version of the Regulations before the table is replaced by the following:
Information
381 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the information set out in column 3 of the table to this section must be collected in accordance with the standard set out in column 2 and provided to the Minister in respect of an oil-fired water heater described in column 1.
(2) Items 3 and 4 of the table to section 381 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Standard |
Column 3 Information |
|---|---|---|---|
3 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters that have an input rate of > 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h) but ≤ 40.99 kW (140,000 Btu/h), have a Vr of ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons), use single-phase power, limit water temperatures to < 82°C (180°F) and are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
CSA P.3-15 |
|
4 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters with a Vr of > 530 L (140 US gallons) that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
|
5 |
Commercial oil-fired water heaters, other than those described in items 3 and 4, that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A |
|
29 Paragraph (b) of the definition lampe à spectre modifié in section 424 of the French version of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- b) lorsqu’elle est utilisée à ses tension et puissance nominales, présente sur le diagramme de chromaticité 1931 — décrit à la norme CIE 15 — un point de couleur qui se situe sous le lieu des corps noirs et à au moins quatre écarts de chromaticité de MacAdam — tels qu’ils sont définis dans la norme IES LM16 — du point de couleur d’une lampe transparente dotée du même filament et d’une ampoule de même forme et utilisée aux mêmes tension et puissance nominales. (modified spectrum lamp)
30 Paragraph 428(2)(a) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- (a) the following statements must be displayed on the principal display panel:
- “This product is designed for [design voltage] volts. When used on the normal line voltage of 120 volts, the light output and energy efficiency are noticeably reduced. See [appropriate panel] panel for 120-volt rating.”
- « Ce produit a été conçu en fonction d’une tension de [tension spécifique] volts. S’il est employé à la tension normale de 120 volts, son flux lumineux et son efficacité énergétique s’en trouveront considérablement réduits. Voir le panneau [panneau en cause] pour les renseignements correspondant à une tension de 120 volts. »;
31 Subsection 449(1) of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q
- means Appendix Q to Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts, as amended from time to time. (appendice Q 10 C.F.R.)
| Item |
Column 2 Standard |
|---|---|
2 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
3 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
4 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
5 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
6 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
7 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
8 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
9 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
10 |
CSA C654-14 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix Q |
33 Paragraph 518(1)(b) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- (b) if it has integrated solid-state lighting circuitry, the lighting efficacy, expressed in lumens per watt, and the total light output, expressed in lumens;
34 (1) The definitions R-value, walk-in cooler, walk-in door assembly, walk-in freezer, walk-in panel and walk-in refrigeration system in Section 657 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
- R-value
- means, in respect of a walk-in panel and a walk-in door assembly, its thermal resistance, expressed in square foot Fahrenheit per Btu/h (ft2·°F·h/Btu). (valeur-R)
- walk-in cooler
- means an enclosed storage space that has an area of less than 278.71 m2 (3,000 square feet) and is designed to be cooled to temperatures at or above 0°C and to allow a person to enter, but does not include a walk-in cooler that is designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific or research purposes. (réfrigérateur-chambre)
- walk-in door assembly
- means an assembly that is installed, or is designed to be installed, in an opening of an interior or exterior wall of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer in order to allow access through the opening or to close it off and that consists of the framing material necessary for its attachment and a moveable door panel, including any glass, door plugs or mullions, but does not include a walk-in door assembly that is designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific or research purposes. (assemblage de porte de chambre froide)
- walk-in freezer
- means an enclosed storage space that has an area of less than 278.71 m2 (3000 square feet) and is designed to be cooled to temperatures below 0°C and to allow a person to enter, but does not include a walk-in freezer that is designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific or research purposes. (congélateur-chambre)
- walk-in panel
- means a panel that is installed, or is designed to be installed, as part of the envelope of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer, but does not include a walk-in door assembly or a walk-in panel that is designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific or research purposes. (panneau de chambre froide)
- walk-in refrigeration system
- means a refrigeration system that is installed, or that is designed to be installed, in a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer and has a unit cooler or a dedicated condensing refrigeration system. It includes all controls and other components that are integral to its operation but does not include a walk-in process cooling refrigeration system or a walk-in refrigeration system that is designed and marketed exclusively for medical, scientific or research purposes. (système de réfrigération de chambre froide)
(2) Section 657 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:
- Add
- represents, with respect to display door assemblies, the surface area in m2 (square feet). (App)
- And
- represents, with respect to a door assembly other than a display door assembly, the surface area in m2 (square feet). (Apa)
- envelope
- means
- (a) the portion of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that isolates the interior, refrigerated environment from the ambient, external environment; and
- (b) all energy-consuming components of the walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that are not part of its refrigeration system. (enveloppe)
- Net Refrigeration Capacity or (qnet)
- is the net refrigeration capacity available for space and product cooling. (puissance frigorifique nette ou qnet)
- RSI-value
- means, in respect of a walk-in panel and a walk-in door assembly, its thermal resistance, expressed in square metre kelvins per watt (m²·K/W). (valeur-RSI)
| Item |
Column 2 Standard |
Column 3 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|---|
3 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A for Edaily 10 C.F.R. Appendix B for RSI-value (R-value) |
Edaily ≤ 0.4306 × And + 1.9 (0.04 × And + 1.9) RSI-value ≥ 4.40 m²·K/W (25 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
4 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A for Edaily 10 C.F.R. Appendix B for RSI-value (R-value) |
Edaily ≤ 1.2917 × And + 5.6 (0.12 × And + 5.6) RSI-value ≥ 5.64 m²·K/W (32 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
5 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A for Edaily 10 C.F.R. Appendix B for RSI-value (R-value) |
Edaily ≤ 0.5382 × And + 1.7 (0.05 × And + 1.7) RSI-value ≥ 4.40 m²·K/W (25 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
6 |
10 C.F.R. Appendix A for Edaily 10 C.F.R. Appendix B for RSI-value (R-value) |
Edaily ≤ 1.5069 × And + 4.8 (0.14 × And + 4.8) RSI-value ≥ 5.64 m²·K/W (32 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
36 Paragraph 661(d) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- (d) if the product is a freight door assembly or passage door assembly, its RSI-value (R-value).
| Item |
Column 2 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|
1 |
RSI-value ≥ 4.40 m²·K/W (25 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
2 |
RSI-value ≥ 5.64 m²·K/W (32 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
3 |
RSI-value ≥ 4.93 m²·K/W (28 ft²·°F·h/Btu) |
38 Paragraph 664(a) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- (a) its RSI-value (R-value),
| Item |
Column 2 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|
1 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 1.644 W-h/W-h (5.61 Btu/W-h) |
2 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 2.227 W-h/W-h (7.60 Btu/W-h) |
3 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 9.091 x 10-5 x qnet + 0.530 W-h/W-h (9.091 x 10-5 x qnet+ 1.81 Btu/W-h) |
4 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 0.703 W-h/W-h (2.40 Btu/W-h) |
5 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 6.522 x 10-5 x qnet + 0.800 W-h/W-h (6.522 x 10-5 x qnet + 2.73 Btu/W-h) |
6 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 0.923 W-h/W-h (3.15 Btu/W-h) |
7 |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 2.638 W-h/W-h (9.00 Btu/W-h) |
| Item |
Column 1 Energy-using Product |
Column 2 Energy Efficiency Standard |
|---|---|---|
8 |
Walk-in freezer unit coolers with a fan motor that operates using direct current or has a nominal voltage of not more than 480 V AC and with a net refrigeration capacity of < 4540 W (15,500 Btu/h) |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 1.575 x 10-5 x qnet + 1.146 W-h/W-h (1.575 x 10-5 x qnet + 3.91 Btu/W-h) |
9 |
Walk-in freezer unit coolers with a fan motor that operates using direct current or has a nominal voltage of not more than 480 V AC and with a net refrigeration capacity of ≥ 4540 W (15,500 Btu/h) |
Annual walk-in energy factor ≥ 1.216 W-h/W-h |
40 The reference “[707 to 748 reserved]” after section 706 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
[707 to 747 reserved]
41 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after the heading of Division 12 of Part 2:
Definitions
Definitions
748 The following definitions apply in this Division.
- CSA C390-10
- means the CSA standard CSA C390-10 entitled Test methods, marking requirements, and energy efficiency levels for three-phase induction motors. (CSA C390-10)
- IEC 60034-2-1
- means the IEC standard CEI/IEC 60034-2-1 entitled Rotating electrical machines – Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles), as amended from time to time. (CEI 60034-2-1)
- IEEE 112
- means the IEEE standard IEEE 112 entitled Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators, as amended from time to time. (IEEE 112)
42 (1) The definitions CSA C390-10 and IEEE 112-2004 in section 749 of the Regulations are repealed.
(2) The definition NEMA MG-1 in section 749 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
- NEMA MG-1
- means the NEMA standard MG 1 entitled NEMA MG 1 Motors and Generators. (NEMA MG-1)
| Item |
Column 2 Standard |
|---|---|
1 |
CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 or IEC 60034-2-1 |
2 |
CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 or IEC 60034-2-1 |
| Item |
Column 2 Standard |
|---|---|
8 |
CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 or IEC 60034-2-1 |
| Item |
Column 2 Standard |
|---|---|
2 |
CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 or IEC 60034-2-1 |
45 Subparagraphs 755(2)(c)(i) to (iii) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
- (i) if the motor is polyphase and has a nominal output power ≥ 0.18 kW (0.25 horsepower) but ≤ 0.75 kW (1 horsepower), CSA C747-09, IEEE 112 (Test Method A) or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1A),
- (ii) if the motor is polyphase and has a nominal output power > 0.75 kW (1 horsepower) but ≤ 2.2 kW (3 horsepower), CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 (Test Method B) or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1B), or
- (iii) if the motor is capacitor-start capacitor-run or capacitor-start induction-run, CSA C747-09, IEEE 114-2010 or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1A).
46 Paragraphs 756(2)(a) to (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
- (a) if the motor is polyphase and has a nominal output power ≥ 0.18 kW (0.25 horsepower) but ≤ 0.75 kW (1 horsepower), CSA C747-09, IEEE 112 (Test Method A) or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1A);
- (b) if the motor is polyphase and has a nominal output power > 0.75 kW (1 horsepower) but ≤ 2.2 kW (3 horsepower), CSA C390-10, IEEE 112 (Test Method B) or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1B); or
- (c) if the motor is capacitor-start capacitor-run or capacitor-start induction-run, CSA C747-09, IEEE 114-2010 or IEC 60034-2-1 (Test Method 2-1-1A).
47 The Regulations are amended by replacing “Standard” with “Testing Standard” in the following provisions:
- (a) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 19;
- (b) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 20;
- (c) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 24;
- (d) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 25;
- (e) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 30;
- (f) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 31;
- (g) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 37;
- (h) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 38;
- (i) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 43;
- (j) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 49;
- (k) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 63;
- (l) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 64;
- (m) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 73;
- (n) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 112;
- (o) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 113;
- (p) the heading of column 2 of Tables 1, 2 and 3 to section 118;
- (q) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 119;
- (r) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 122;
- (s) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 142;
- (t) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 143;
- (u) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 189;
- (v) the heading of column 2 of Tables 1 and 2 to section 197;
- (w) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 198;
- (x) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 201;
- (y) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 259;
- (z) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 260;
- (z.01) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 263;
- (z.02) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 264;
- (z.03) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 266.1;
- (z.04) the heading of column 2 of Table 1 to section 317;
- (z.05) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 318;
- (z.06) the heading of column 2 of Table 1 to section 321;
- (z.07) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 322;
- (z.08) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 372;
- (z.09) the heading of column 2 of Table 1 to section 376;
- (z.10) the heading of column 2 of Table 1 to section 380;
- (z.11) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 381;
- (z.12) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 385;
- (z.13) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 386;
- (z.14) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 444;
- (z.15) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 447;
- (z.16) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 451;
- (z.17) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 452;
- (z.18) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 517;
- (z.19) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 525;
- (z.20) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 588;
- (z.21) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 589;
- (z.22) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 638;
- (z.23) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 641;
- (z.24) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 642;
- (z.25) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 644;
- (z.26) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 649;
- (z.27) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 655;
- (z.28) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 656;
- (z.29) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 660;
- (z.30) the heading of column 1 of the table to section 705;
- (z.31) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 751; and
- (z.32) the heading of column 2 of the table to section 752.
Coming into Force
48 These Regulations come into force on the day that, in the sixth month after the month in which they are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, has the same calendar number as the day on which they are published or, if that sixth month has no day with that number, the last day of that sixth month.
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